ReviewCellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands)2026
Strategies to target PD-1/PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment.
Review in Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The immune microenvironment of the central nervous system and neuromodulation: new perspectives in lung cancer brain metastases research.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has become one of the most important methods in cancer treatment, which can kill tumors by activating the immune system. The PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment can impair T cell responses and thereby promote tumor immune escape. Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway can enhance the antitumor immune response and improve the therapeutic effect. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have shown antitumor effects in clinical practice and are revolutionizing the field of cancer management. Recent studies have shown that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the tumor microenvironment is finely regulated, and inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 signal by targeting its regulatory mechanism can activate the antitumor immune response and reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. New strategies and drugs designed and developed for the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade have brought new hope for better treatment of tumors. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.