Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41786782›Full record

ReviewNPJ vaccines2026

Gonococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccines: bacterial population biology, clinical trials, immune profiling, and vaccine design.

Zhenyi Gu, Anastasia Unitt, Odile B Harrison, Jeremy P Derrick, Ann E Jerse, Samantha A McKeand, Christoph M Tang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in NPJ vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhenyi GuSir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Anastasia UnittDepartment of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Odile B HarrisonDepartment of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jeremy P DerrickLydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Ann E JerseDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Samantha A McKeandSir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. samantha.mckeand@path.ox.ac.uk.
Christoph M TangSir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. christoph.tang@path.ox.ac.uk.

Funding

Project 3 -Translational development of a microneedle patch gonorrhea vaccine (CIIG)U19AI189178 · NIAID · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · PI Ann E. Jerse · 2025 to 2026
$12.8M
John Fell Fund, University of Oxford 24/243NIH HHS U19 AI189178Wellcome Trust 214374/Z/18/Z and 221924/Z/20/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gonorrhoea is a global health concern exacerbated by rising antimicrobial resistance. Retrospective analyses indicate that outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines derived from Neisseria meningitidis (MeNZB, 4CMenB) may offer partial cross-protection against gonococcal infection. This review outlines the influence of gonococcal population biology on coverage, immune responses elicited by 4CMenB, and emerging strategies that offer the prospect of rationally designed vaccines dedicated to the prevention of gonococcal disease.

Identifiers

PMID41786782
PMCPMC13087147

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.