Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41787000›Full record

ArticleHepatology international2026

A noninvasive model for predicting intrahepatic venovenous shunts before HVPG measurement: a multiple cohort study.

Rufeng Chen, Li Ma, Yaozu Liu, Wen Zhang, Minjie Yang, Jiaze Yu, Yongjie Zhou, Lingxiao Liu, Junan Lin, Qipeng Wang and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Hepatology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rufeng Chen *Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Li Ma *Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Yaozu LiuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Wen ZhangDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Minjie YangDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jiaze YuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Yongjie ZhouDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Lingxiao LiuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Junan LinShanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Qipeng WangDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Zhiping YanDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jingqin MaDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jianjun LuoDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. luo.jianjun@zs-hospital.sh.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4942-0439

Funding

National Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of China YWP2024-001National Natural Science Foundation of China 82302323
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aimed to construct a machine learning (ML) model to facilitate non-invasive identification of moderate-to-severe intrahepatic venovenous shunts (MS-IHVS) before hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement.

methodsA total of 605 patients receiving HVPG measurement were retrospectively included for model development. Two validation cohorts were used: an FN-validation cohort (n = 194; retrospectively enrolled) with both wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) and fine-needle (21-22G) portal venous pressure (FN-PVP) measurements, and a TIPS-validation cohort (n = 92; prospectively enrolled with WHVP and direct PVP measurements. Nine ML and eleven stacking ensemble models were developed. Performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, F1-score, calibration plots, confusion matrices, and decision-curve analysis. The Shapley Additive Explanation was used for model interpretation.

resultsFour predictors were selected for model development, including portal vein thrombosis, spontaneous portosystemic shunts, prothrombin time, and number of endoscopic treatments. Across all single and stacking models, the stacking ensemble model combining Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosting (GB) performed best (AUC 0.907, 95%CI 0.858-0.945). A Comprehensive Rank also placed RF + GB first. AUCs were 0.781 in FN-validation and 0.889 in TIPS-validation. Model-based risk stratification showed markedly reduced WHVP-PVP/FN-PVP agreement and correlation (intraclass correlation coefficient for agreement 0.314 and 0.143; r = 0.579 and 0.347) in high-risk group compared with low-risk group.

conclusionsThis RF + GB stacking model effectively identified the risk of MS-IHVS in patients with sinusoidal PHT, providing a powerful tool for early detection and avoiding unnecessary invasive examination.

Indexed as

Hypertension, PortalPortal PressurePortasystemic Shunt, Transjugular IntrahepaticBoosting Machine Learning AlgorithmsCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMachine LearningMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Learning ModelsRandom ForestRetrospective StudiesROC CurveHepatic venous pressure gradientIntrahepatic venovenous shuntsMachine learningPortal hypertensionPortal pressure gradient

Identifiers

PMID41787000

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.