Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41787270›Full record

ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2026

Altered dorsal anterior insula functional connectivity underlying abnormal interoceptive accuracy awareness in migraine without aura.

Ruihua Liu, Yuanxiang Li, Ruidi Wang, Aoxuan Liu, Lingqi Zhao, Piaoyi Li, Yonggang Wang, Jin Cao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ruihua LiuSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yuanxiang LiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Ruidi WangState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Aoxuan LiuSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Lingqi ZhaoSchool of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Piaoyi LiSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yonggang WangHeadache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jin CaoSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. caojin@bucm.edu.cn.

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation General Project 7242224National Natural Science Foundation of China 82474651the China Association for Science and Technology Young Talent Support Project CACM-2023-QNRC1-04
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAbnormal interoception is increasingly recognized as a key feature of migraine. The dorsal anterior insula (dAI) is hypothesized to play a central role in interoceptive processing, yet the neural mechanisms underlying this abnormality remain unclear. We aimed to investigate interoceptive disturbances in migraine and to clarify the role of insula dysfunction, specifically dAI functional connectivity, in underlying these interoceptive alterations and potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of migraine.

methodsWe recruited 29 patients with migraine without aura and 32 matched healthy controls. All participants completed evaluations of interoceptive accuracy and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. We applied a multivariate seed-based connectivity approach to examine the direct connectivity of the bilateral dAI and its link to interoceptive awareness in migraine patients. We conducted a simple mediation analysis to determine whether specific dAI connectivity mediated variations in interoceptive awareness across groups. Finally, serial multiple mediation analysis was applied to explore whether these effects were conveyed via subjective or objective accuracy metrics.

resultsMigraine patients showed significantly enhanced interoceptive accuracy awareness compared with controls. Across all participants, this awareness was positively associated with functional connectivity from the right dAI to the bilateral precentral gyrus (PreCG). Crucially, this specific right dAI-bilateral PreCG connectivity was markedly enhanced in migraine patients. Simple mediation results indicated that increased dAI connectivity substantially mediated the group difference in interoceptive accuracy awareness. Serial multiple mediation analysis revealed that this effect was predominantly driven by objective interoceptive processing.

conclusionsThe observed altered dAI connectivity and its relationship with interoceptive awareness suggest that dysfunctions in interoceptive processes, particularly within the dAI-PreCG network, may be integral to the neuropathology of migraine.

Indexed as

AwarenessConnectomeInsular CortexInteroceptionMigraine without AuraNerve NetAdultFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultEffective connectivityInsulaInteroceptionMigraine

Identifiers

PMID41787270
PMCPMC13072554

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.