Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41787438›Full record

ArticlePediatric rheumatology online journal2026

Safety of intravenous use of anakinra in pediatric inflammatory conditions: a retrospective multicenter study.

Marta Klanjscek, Matteo Trevisan, Serena Pastore, Manuela Pardeo, Alberto Tommasini, Roberta Caorsi, Gianluca Dell'Orso, Sarah Abu Rumeileh, Chiara Conti, Carmelita D'Ippolito and 8 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric rheumatology online journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Marta KlanjscekDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Matteo TrevisanDivision of Rheumatology, ERN-RITA Center, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy.
Serena PastoreInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
Manuela PardeoDivision of Rheumatology, ERN-RITA Center, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy.
Alberto TommasiniDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Roberta CaorsiCenter for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
Gianluca Dell'OrsoHematology Unit, Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
Sarah Abu RumeilehRheumatology Unit, IRCCS Anna Meyer, ERN ReCONNET Center, NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
Chiara ContiDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Carmelita D'IppolitoPediatric Haematology-Oncology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Manuela CortesiPediatric Clinic, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Natasha MaximovaInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
Marco CattaliniPediatric Clinic, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Gabriele SimoniniRheumatology Unit, IRCCS Anna Meyer, ERN ReCONNET Center, NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.
Marco GattornoCenter for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
Fabrizio De BenedettiDivision of Rheumatology, ERN-RITA Center, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy.
Andrea TaddioDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. andrea.taddio@burlo.trieste.it.
Claudia BracagliaDivision of Rheumatology, ERN-RITA Center, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy.

Funding

Ministero della Salute RC 03/12
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAnakinra is a recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist primarily administered by subcutaneous injection for the treatment of autoinflammatory conditions. Intravenous use of anakinra is only sparsely described in the literature. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of intravenous use of anakinra in a cohort of pediatric patients.

methodsThis is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. All patients who received intravenous anakinra from January 1st, 2017, to February 29th 2024 were enrolled. Collected data comprised: demographic characteristics, underlying clinical conditions, infusion-related data, anakinra-related adverse events and clinical response.

resultsThe case series included 113 patients: 64 (56.6%) with underlying rheumatologic diseases, 27 (23.9%) with onco-hematologic diseases, 22 (19.5%) with severe systemic infections. Fifty-nine patients (52.2%) were admitted to intensive care units. The intravenous anakinra dose ranged from 2 to 20 mg/kg/day, and treatment duration ranged from 1 to 80 days. Adverse events were observed in 10 of 113 treated children (8.8%). The most common events were transient elevation of liver or pancreatic enzymes in seven patients (6.2%) and maculopapular rash in two patients (1.2%). One patient (0.9%) experienced an anaphylactoid reaction immediately after the infusion. Sixteen patients (14.2%) died. Among those who died, ten were receiving ongoing anakinra treatment, with a median treatment duration of 27 days (range 2–42), while six patients had discontinued the drug several days earlier.

conclusionIntravenous administration of anakinra appears to be safe and not associated with severe adverse events. Reported side effects were transient, not life-threatening, and resolved either with specific treatment or after drug discontinuation. Intravenous anakinra may therefore be considered a safe therapeutic option for selected life-threatening acute clinical conditions.

Indexed as

Antirheumatic AgentsInflammationInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ProteinAdministration, IntravenousAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfusions, IntravenousMaleRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeAntirheumatic AgentsInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ProteinAnakinraChildrenIntravenousSide effect

Identifiers

PMID41787438
PMCPMC13072536

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.