ArticleJournal of translational medicine2026
Lipid metabolism related inflammation modulates ocular growth in a high-fat diet guinea pig model.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMyopia has become a major global public health concern, with increasing evidence linking diet and inflammation to its development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on refractive development and myopia progression in guinea pigs.
methodsThirty-two 3-week-old pigmented guinea pigs were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, HFD, lens-induced myopia (LIM), and lens-induced myopia with high-fat diet (LIM + HFD) group. The HFD group was fed a high fat diet for 4 weeks, while myopia was induced in the right eye of LIM and LIM + HFD groups using a -10D lens. Ocular parameters, including refractive error (RE), axial length (AL), retinal thickness (RT), choroidal thickness (ChT), and choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP), were measured at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks. Serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL, LDL) were assessed using an automated biochemical analyzer and serum and retinal levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) were evaluated by ELISA and qPCR at baseline and 4 weeks.
resultsAfter 4 weeks, HFD and LIM + HFD groups developed dyslipidemia with elevated TC, TG, and LDL (P < 0.01). Compared with controls, the HFD group showed decreased RE, increased AL, and reduced RT, ChT, and ChBP (P < 0.0001), indicating greater susceptibility to myopia. In lens-wearing eyes, LIM + HFD did not exacerbate myopic progression compared with LIM (P > 0.05). However, in fellow eyes, LIM + HFD induced HFD-like structural and functional changes, significantly different from LIM alone (P < 0.001). Correlation analysis further demonstrated that TC and LDL levels were positively associated with AL and negatively correlated with ChT and ChBP (all P < 0.05), whereas TG showed no significant association with ocular parameters, supporting a link between metabolic dysregulation and ocular structural remodeling. ELISA and qPCR revealed elevated IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-kB in HFD and LIM groups, with the highest levels in LIM + HFD.
conclusionsA 4-week HFD increased susceptibility to myopia during normal refractive development but did not worsen lens-induced myopia. HFD was associated with enhanced systemic and retinal inflammation, suggesting a potential link between diet-induced inflammation and increased myopia susceptibility.
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