Evidence mapPaperPMID 41787521Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2026

Telemedicine adoption in Hungary: insights from two representative population surveys (2021-2024).

Bence Döbrössy, Edmond Girasek, Zsuzsa Győrffy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Bence DöbrössyInstitute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér. 20th floor, Budapest, 1089, Hungary. dobrossy.bence@semmelweis.hu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-1528
Edmond GirasekInstitute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér. 20th floor, Budapest, 1089, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-6592
Zsuzsa GyőrffyInstitute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér. 20th floor, Budapest, 1089, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-4653

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite increased interest, data on telemedicine adoption and patterns of use remain scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing sociodemographic trends in telemedicine use in Hungary between 2021 and 2024.

methodsTwo nationwide representative surveys were conducted in Hungary: a Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) with 1,500 participants in October 2021 and an online survey with 1,100 participants in February 2024. Both samples were stratified by gender, age, settlement type, and education. A Telemedicine Index, encompassing (a) online appointment booking and referral requests (b) video or phone teleconsultations (c) email communication with the doctor (d) sharing images with the doctor (e) sharing medical documentation with the doctor and (f) allowing the doctor to monitor changes in health status via smartphone was constructed. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression to assess sociodemographic factors associated with telemedicine use.

resultsTelemedicine adoption increased between 2021 and 2024. The Telemedicine Index rose from Mean = 1.025 to Mean = 1.702. The proportion of non-users dropped from 43.5% to 21.0%. While initial disparities in 2021 showed women, younger individuals, higher educated people and urban residents using telemedicine more, these gaps narrowed significantly by 2024. Family support, indicated by living with a partner, positively influenced telemedicine adoption in both periods, emphasizing its role in facilitating use, especially among older adults and those with children. Analysis confirmed that education, age, gender, and family status are significantly associated with telemedicine use.

conclusionTelemedicine has become increasingly integrated into Hungarian healthcare, with a shift from pandemic-driven necessity to broader societal adoption. While sociodemographic disparities persist, they have largely narrowed. The crucial role of social and family support in facilitating telemedicine use, particularly for vulnerable groups, highlights a key area for future interventions.

Indexed as

TelemedicineAdolescentAdultAgedCOVID-19Digital HealthFemaleHumansHungaryMaleMiddle AgedSociodemographic FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAdoptionPopulation surveySocial supportSociodemographic factorsTelemedicine

Identifiers

PMID41787521
PMCPMC12990436

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.