Evidence mapPaperPMID 41789319Full record

ReviewReviews in cardiovascular medicine2026

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Cardiomyopathies: Insights on Clinical and Prognostic Roles.

Federico Giacobbe, Pierre Meynet, Marco Balducci, Sergio Capoccia, Rino Andrea Cimino, Arianna Morena, Antonio Dalu, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Ovidio De Filippo, Filippo Novarese and 11 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Federico GiacobbeDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-4300
Pierre MeynetDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-9121
Marco BalducciDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6429-9439
Sergio CapocciaDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8082-6207
Rino Andrea CiminoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0089-9279
Arianna MorenaDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7921-0234
Antonio DaluDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1833-5597
Fabrizio D'AscenzoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Ovidio De FilippoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4915-9501
Filippo NovareseDivision of Cardiology, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Francesco BrunoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-0273
Claudia RaineriDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9653-1516
Federico ConrottoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Athanasios SakalidisDepartment of Cardiology, Research, Education and Development Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, SW3 6NP London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-803X
Pierluigi OmedéDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Giuseppe GianninoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3825-6867
Filippo AngeliniDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4711-0891
Pier Paolo BocchinoDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-1852
Veronica DusiDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-3126
Italo PortoDivision of Cardiology, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-5046
Gaetano Maria De FerrariDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-0876

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a key driver of ischemia and prognosis across several non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. This review summarizes the main tools for diagnosing microvascular dysfunction and available evidence on CMD incidence and the prognostic role in patients with cardiomyopathies. In dilated cardiomyopathy, CMD is associated with reduced myocardial blood flow, greater fibrosis, adverse remodeling, and worse outcomes. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, CMD is highly prevalent and multifactorial (arteriolar remodeling, reduced capillary density, extravascular compression, diastolic dysfunction, and/or left ventricular (LV) outflow obstruction), correlating with fibrosis, heart failure, and arrhythmias/sudden death. In Takotsubo syndrome, CMD appears acute and reversible, with microvascular spasms as a predominant mechanism and plausible pathophysiologic basis of the event. In arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, preliminary data show a blunted hyperemic response and autonomic abnormalities that may impair microvascular vasodilation. In infiltrative and storage diseases (amyloidosis and Anderson-Fabry disease), CMD is often early, preceding hypertrophy/fibrosis, and contributes to symptoms, contractile dysfunction, and adverse outcomes; in sarcoidosis, microvascular inflammation reduces coronary flow reserve (CFR) and is associated with events. Targeted therapies remain limited; optimization of risk factors and drugs that modulate endothelial/metabolic function (statins, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, vasodilating β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors) yielded variable signals; device-based and nonpharmacologic strategies are under investigation. In conclusion, integrating microcirculatory assessment improves risk stratification and may furnish future therapeutic targets across cardiomyopathies.

Indexed as

cardiomyopathiescoronary circulationmicrocirculationmicrovascular angina

Identifiers

PMID41789319
PMCPMC12959992

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.