Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41789586›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of oncology2026

IL‑6: A key player in the EGFR‑TKI‑resistant tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications (Review).

Qi Wei, Chengming Huang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Hao Zeng, Chang Qi, Sihan Tan, Weimin Li, Panwen Tian, Yalun Li

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Qi Wei *Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Chengming Huang *Integrated Care Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Yuanyuan Zhang *Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Hao ZengDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Chang QiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Sihan TanDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Weimin LiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Panwen TianDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Yalun LiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease‑related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Center/Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IL‑6, a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine predominantly secreted by fibroblasts, myeloid‑derived suppressor cells, tumor‑associated macrophages and tumor cells, is associated with poor prognosis of and therapeutic resistance in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The activation of signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT3, MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, promotes tumor survival. Furthermore, the IL‑6/JAK/STAT3 signaling axis has emerged as a key driver of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‑TKI) resistance, orchestrating intricate crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote cell survival and immunosuppression. The present review synthesized current evidence on the dual role of IL‑6 in mediating EGFR‑TKI resistance and blunting anti‑tumor immunity. The present review highlights the preclinical rationale for combining IL‑6 blockade with EGFR‑TKI or immune checkpoint inhibitors to overcome refractory disease. The present review also highlights the structure, molecular mechanisms and clinical insights of IL‑6 in the TME of

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungDrug Resistance, NeoplasmInterleukin-6Lung NeoplasmsProtein Kinase InhibitorsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsErbB ReceptorsHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsInterleukin-6 InhibitorsSignal TransductionEGFR protein, humanErbB ReceptorsIL6 protein, humanImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsInterleukin-6Interleukin-6 InhibitorsProtein Kinase InhibitorsEGFR‑TKI resistanceIL‑6immunosuppressiveimmunotherapyNSCLCTME

Identifiers

PMID41789586
PMCPMC12945417

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.