Evidence mapPaperPMID 41789677Full record

ReviewOncology reports2026

CXCL1 in triple‑negative breast cancer: Mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic opportunities (Review).

Hiba Al Sayegh, Zahraa Assi, Amjad Kanaan, Mirvat El Sibai

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Oncology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hiba Al Sayegh *Department of Biological Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102‑2801, Lebanon.
Zahraa Assi *Department of Biological Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102‑2801, Lebanon.
Amjad KanaanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Balamand, Beirut 1100‑2807, Lebanon.
Mirvat El SibaiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102‑2801, Lebanon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive BC subtype with limited therapeutic options and poor clinical outcomes. This subtype accounts for 15‑20% of all BC cases and contributes to nearly 40% of BC mortalities. The chemokine C‑X‑C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a key player in TNBC progression through several signaling pathways, including NF‑κB, MAPK and related cascades. CXCL1 contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, immune modulation and resistance to therapy, however its role and therapeutic potential in TNBC has not been comprehensively described. The present review aimed to summarize CXCL1 biology in TNBC, with a focus on its prognostic relevance, role in the tumor microenvironment and potential as a therapeutic target, as well as emerging strategies aimed at modulating CXCL1 signaling. However, challenges remain in translating these findings into clinical application, including incomplete understanding of certain molecular mechanisms underlying CXCL1 function, unclear prognostic value, the need for validation of potential inhibitors in large and diverse cohorts and the lack of well‑designed clinical trials testing CXCL1‑targeted approaches. Addressing these challenges through rigorous preclinical work and carefully designed clinical trials is key to define the true therapeutic potential of CXCL1 in TNBC to advance precision medicine strategies and enhance clinical outcomes in patients with TNBC.

Indexed as

Chemokine CXCL1Triple Negative Breast NeoplasmsBiomarkers, TumorDrug Resistance, NeoplasmFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyPrognosisSignal TransductionTumor MicroenvironmentBiomarkers, TumorChemokine CXCL1CXCL1 protein, humanchemokinechemotherapy resistanceCXCL1CXCR2metastasistherapeutic targetTNBCtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41789677
PMCPMC12980308

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.