Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41790674›Full record

SynthesisMedicine2026

Comparison of the effect of neostigmine and sugammadex on postoperative delirium in surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hye Won Shin, Yoon Ji Choi, Hae Sun You, Jeong Hoon Lee, Yoo Kyung Jang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-AnalysisComparative Study
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hye Won ShinDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3770-6675
Yoon Ji ChoiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
Hae Sun YouDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jeong Hoon LeeDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yoo Kyung JangDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

The Korea University Medicine Research 2022AN0283
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) frequently occurs in elderly surgical patients and is associated with adverse outcomes. This review aimed to evaluate whether sugammadex, a selective neuromuscular blockade reversal agent, reduces postoperative delirium-incidence (POD-I) compared with neostigmine.

methodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched up to May 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs) comparing sugammadex and neostigmine regarding to POD-I. Primary outcome was POD-I, with subgroup analyses according to postoperative period (within 24 hours vs after postoperative 1 day) and the type of anticholinergic coadministered with neostigmine (atropine vs glycopyrrolate). Secondary outcome was perioperative changes in Mini-Mental State Examination scores (preoperative vs postoperative). Analyses were performed separately for RCTs and NRCTs using RevMan 5.4.

resultsTwelve studies (7 RCTs, n = 759; 5 NRCTs, n = 50,115) were included. In RCTs, sugammadex significantly reduced POD-I compared with neostigmine (risk ratio (RR), 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49-0.91; I2 = 0%; P = .008). Subgroup analysis of RCTs on POD-I within the 1st 24 hours postoperatively showed a significantly lower incidence in the sugammadex group (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, -0.45 to 0.90; P = .010). Subgroup analysis of RCTs by coadministered anticholinergics did not significantly influence POD-I (atropine: RR, 0.67; P = .06; glycopyrrolate: RR, 0.66; P = .06). In contrast, subgroup analysis of NRCTs on POD-I showed no significant difference between the groups (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.88-1.50; I2 = 82%; P = .33). Preoperative and postoperative Mini-Mental State Examination scores in RCTs were similar between groups (preoperative: mean difference 0.03, P = .78; postoperative: mean difference 0.75, P = .12).

conclusionSugammadex is associated with a reduced incidence of POD compared to neostigmine, particularly within the 1st 24 hours after surgery, based on consistent findings from RCTs. This benefit was not observed in NRCTs. Further well-designed RCTs using standardized delirium assessments are required.

Indexed as

DeliriumEmergence DeliriumNeostigminePostoperative ComplicationsSugammadexAgedCholinesterase InhibitorsGlycopyrrolateHumansNeuromuscular BlockadeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicCholinesterase InhibitorsGlycopyrrolateNeostigmineSugammadexMMSEneostigmineneuromuscular blockade reversalpostoperative deliriumsugammadexsurgery

Identifiers

PMID41790674
PMCPMC12975215

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.