Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41795015›Full record

ArticleCommunications medicine2026

Modelling donor factors influencing pancreas transplant utilization and evolution of decision-making over time.

Chahana Patel, Georgios Kourounis, Leonie van Leeuwen, Matthew Holzner, Vikram Wadhera, Mohammed Zeeshan Akhtar, Sander Florman, Angeles Maillo-Nieto, James Shaw, Steven White and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Potential for donation after circulatory death in Germany: a multicenter retrospective study at seven university hospitals.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chahana PatelNIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. chahanapatel18@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0349-4080
Georgios KourounisNIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Leonie van LeeuwenRecanati Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Matthew HolznerRecanati Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Vikram WadheraRecanati Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Mohammed Zeeshan AkhtarRecanati Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Sander FlormanRecanati Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Angeles Maillo-NietoInstitute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
James ShawNIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Steven WhiteNIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Colin Wilson *NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Samuel Tingle *NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, Newcastle University and Cambridge University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Funding

DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) NIHR203332RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MRC/Y000676/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPancreas transplantation remains the only definitive treatment for diabetes mellitus. However, the global number of pancreas transplants and utilisation of pancreas grafts is declining. We aimed to identify significant donor factors associated with pancreas non-use.

methodsPopulation-cohort study using United States (US) data from the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network (OPTN) registry (2010-2024). Multivariable regression models were constructed to assess associations between donor characteristics and pancreas utilisation. Restricted cubic splines were used to preserve non-linear relationships and interaction terms with donation date were performed, to capture evolving decision-making behaviours.

resultsWe identify 23 donor factors significantly associated with utilisation (n = 14,612 transplants from 133,986 donors). The most important continuous donor factors are age, BMI and peak creatinine; all showing significant non-linear relationships with utilisation (all P < 0.001). Donor type is the most important categorical variable, with donation after circulatory death (DCD) having 92% lower odds of utilisation (aOR=0.078, 95% CI = 0.070 to 0.087, P = < 0.001). Interaction analyses reveal increasing reluctance to use DCD donors or older donors over the study period (both interaction P < 0.001). Conversely, clinicians have become more comfortable transplanting pancreases from Hepatitis C positive donors and IV drug use (IVDU) donors over time (both interaction P < 0.001).

conclusionsThis large population cohort study demonstrates significant shifts in utilisation decision-making over time. Growing reluctance to use DCD, despite evidence of favourable outcomes, highlights a valuable area to focus US pancreas utilisation efforts. Meanwhile, previously underused groups such as Hepatitis C positive and IVDU donors show growing acceptance, supporting expansion of these donor populations globally.

Identifiers

PMID41795015
PMCPMC13096168

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.