Evidence mapPaperPMID 41796343Full record

ArticleJournal of physiological anthropology2026

Body height, body composition, and lifestyle of Czech high school students: implications for the most appropriate strategies supporting physical growth and preventing obesity.

Pavel Grasgruber, Eduard Hrazdíra, Zuzana Hlavoňová, Nikola Stračárová, Dominik Bokůvka, Jan Cacek, Jan Huleš, Tomáš Kalina, Tereza Králová, Oldřich Racek and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of physiological anthropology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Pavel GrasgruberFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic. 32487@mail.muni.cz.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-0705
Eduard HrazdíraFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Zuzana HlavoňováFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Nikola StračárováFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Dominik BokůvkaFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Jan CacekFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Jan HulešFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Tomáš KalinaFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Tereza KrálováFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Oldřich RacekFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Lenka SvobodováFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
Marie SvobodováFaculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study summarizes anthropometric research that was conducted in two phases between 2015 and 2023. The aim of the first phase (2015-2016) was to map the current status of the height trend among adult high school students in the South Moravian region (the Brno-City District). The aim of the second phase (2016-2023) was to map the status of the height trend in three neighboring regions (Olomouc, Vysočina, Zlín) and to examine the relationship between body height, body composition, and some aspects of the students' lifestyle.

methodsThe study population consisted of 4655 individuals (2349 males, 2306 females) aged 18-22 from 71 high schools with a broad educational spectrum. The second phase of the research included 2045 individuals (1011 males, 1034 females) who completed questionnaires with questions about their lifestyle.

resultsBased on the measurements of body height in a sample of evenly stratified categories of high schools in the Brno-City District, we arrived at an average of 180.5 ± 6.8 cm in males (n = 1338) and 166.5 ± 6.3 cm in females (n = 1272) aged 18-20 years. The planned measurements of body height in the three remaining regions were not completed due to the COVID epidemic, but the total averages remained practically unchanged (180.3 ± 6.8 cm in males, n = 2326; 166.5 ± 6.4 cm in females, n = 2299). An analysis using linear mixed-effect models showed that body height was best predicted by dairy consumption in males and by school lunch attendance in females. Low % body fat was most strongly associated with physical activity, distantly followed by high parental education and daily school lunch attendance. In both sexes, height was inversely related to % body fat, but this relationship was not mediated by physical activity.

conclusionsTaking into account other available data, it can be concluded that the secular trend of body height in the Czech Republic probably continues very slowly in males but stagnates in females. The inverse relationship between height and % body fat has an analogy in many other developed countries and suggests that a diet based on high-quality animal proteins should be the most effective strategy for supporting optimal physical development and preventing child obesity.

Indexed as

Body CompositionBody HeightLife StyleObesityStudentsAdolescentAnthropology, PhysicalCzech RepublicFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsYoung AdultDairy consumptionHeightNutritionObesityParental educationPhysical activitySchool catering

Identifiers

PMID41796343
PMCPMC13045034

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.