ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2026
The association of the composite dietary antioxidant index with the risk of cardiometabolic disorders: findings from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveDietary antioxidants have been suggested to play a protective role against chronic diseases. This prospective study aimed to examine the association between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, and abdominal obesity.
methodsThis prospective cohort study included 7357 adults aged ≥ 18 years who participated in the third and fourth phases of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire, and CDAI scores were calculated accordingly. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2D, hypertension, and abdominal obesity across quartiles of CDAI.
resultsDuring the follow-up period, the incidence rates were 12.5% for T2D (mean follow-up: 10.8 ± 3.64 years), 23.4% for hypertension (mean follow-up: 10.0 ± 4.09 years), and 33.5% for abdominal obesity (mean follow-up: 10.1 ± 4.29 years). After adjustment for age, sex, physical activity, energy intake, education, marital and occupational status, smoking, and outcome-specific baseline clinical variables, higher CDAI scores were associated with a lower risk of T2D (HR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48-0.96; P for trend = 0.025), hypertension (HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52-0.83; P for trend = 0.014), and abdominal obesity (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.42-0.68; P for trend < 0.001).
conclusionsHigher adherence to a diet with greater antioxidant capacity, as reflected by higher CDAI scores, may be related to a reduced risk of T2D, hypertension, and abdominal obesity among Iranian adults.
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