Evidence mapPaperPMID 41798019Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

Attachment and psychopathology in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study of children with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers.

Anja Turin Drouet, Maja Drobnič Radobuljac, Nataša Bratina, Sašo Karakatič, Tadej Battelino, Klemen Dovč, Simona Klemenčič

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02575001 (The Influence of Psychobiological Adversity to Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02575001 completednot on this map

The Influence of Psychobiological Adversity to Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of MedicineRan2015 to 2019Enrolled207ConditionsType 1 Diabetes, StressArmsPsychological background determinations, Genetic susceptibility determination, Cortisol release test, Saliva cortisol measurement
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Anja Turin DrouetDepartment for Child Psychiatry, University Children's Hospital Ljubljana, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Maja Drobnič RadobuljacFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nataša BratinaFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Sašo KarakatičInstitute of Informatics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Tadej BattelinoFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Klemen DovčFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Simona KlemenčičFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Secure attachment develops in early relationships between infants and their caregivers, providing a foundation for emotional security and mental health across the lifespan. In contrast, insecure attachment is associated with maladaptive stress response and an increased risk of both internalizing and externalizing mental health problems. This study examined the association between attachment (in)security and psychopathology in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with healthy peers. We also considered caregivers' attachment security and traumatic life events to better understand interacting biopsychosocial factors in children living with a chronic illness. Methods: A group of children with T1D ( Results: Fifty-nine percent of children had secure attachment, 39% were dismissing, and 2% preoccupied; 16% were classified as disorganized. No significant difference in psychopathology was found between children with T1D and their healthy peers. However, insecure/disorganized attachment was associated with higher psychopathology scores. Simple regression showed positive associations between psychopathology and child attachment insecurity, maternal attachment anxiety, and traumatic life events. A more complex model revealed that male sex, the presence of T1D, maternal attachment anxiety in older children, and the interaction between maternal attachment anxiety and traumatic life events were significantly associated with higher levels of psychopathology. Conclusion: Children with insecure, particularly disorganized, attachment showed higher levels of psychopathology. However, when interaction effects were considered, other factors-such as sex, parental attachment, traumatic life events, and chronic illness-emerged as stronger predictors. These findings highlight the importance of attachment- and trauma-informed care that addresses multiple risk factors to support child and family mental health. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02575001.

Indexed as

attachment securitychild/adolescentpsychopathologystressful life eventstype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41798019
PMCPMC12961752

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.