Observational studyFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Factors associated with diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes in rural Guangxi, China: a multicenter cross-sectional study.
Observational study in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among adult patients with diabetes in rural Guangxi. The secondary objective was to identify demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with DR. These findings could offer practical evidence for improving diabetes management in remote areas. Methods: From January to July 2022, this population-based multicenter cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage stratified sampling method. Initially, five cities were randomly selected within the region. Next, three counties were randomly chosen from each city, totaling 15 counties. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes-related factors, and laboratory indicators were collected using questionnaires and clinical examinations. DR was assessed through dilated fundus examination or fundus photography. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and identify factors associated with DR. Results: A total of 2,178 patients with diabetes were included, comprising 1,204 males (55.28%) and 974 females (44.72%), with a mean age of 63.25 ± 12.71 years. The prevalence of DR among people living with diabetes in rural Guangxi was 22.36% (95% Conclusion: The prevalence of DR among people living with diabetes in rural Guangxi was 22.36%. This finding underscores the importance of healthcare providers closely monitoring older adults and patients with elevated HbA1c and triglyceride levels.
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