Real-world data on uptake and use of digital mental health interventions among waitlisted patients with various mental disorders.

Background: Digital mental health interventions (DMHI) have the potential to provide patients awaiting outpatient psychotherapy with a valuable and immediate treatment option to bridge long waiting periods. However, randomized controlled trials concerning these interventions are marred by high attrition rates and low adherence, and research on the implementation of these interventions in real-world settings is scarce. The present study aims to provide real-world data on the uptake and use of prescribed DMHI, as well as the effect of DMHI use on psychological well-being. Method: 150 patients with various mental disorders awaiting face-to-face psychotherapy were included in this preregistered study. All patients received a prescription for a diagnosis-specific DMHI to bridge the waiting period. Structured telephone interviews were conducted to assess uptake of the prescription, use of the DMHI, and psychological well-being four and 12 weeks after inclusion. Results: 56% of the patients reported an uptake of the DMHI prescription. The percentage of patients who actually used the DMHI was lower than for uptake (29%). Patients who expressed interest in the use of DMHI, higher treatment expectations, and lower psychological well-being were more likely to use the DMHI. A linear mixed model indicated a significant improvement in psychological well-being among DMHI users. Conclusion: The findings of the present study underscore that the implementation of DMHI in real-world settings is hindered by low uptake rates and even lower utilization. To improve DMHI use, it is essential to incorporate potential mediating factors, such as treatment expectations, into future research.