Evidence mapPaperPMID 41798528Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Public Health Impact of Wildfire Smoke Exposure: Analysis of Respiratory-Related Medicaid Claims in Wyoming.

Joseph E Mayes, Gudeta D Fufaa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Joseph E MayesPublic Health, American Public University, American Military University, Ranson, USA.
Gudeta D FufaaPublic Health, American Public University, American Military University, Ranson, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

research questionDoes the rate of respiratory claims in the seven days immediately following a wildfire smoke episode significantly exceed the claims rate during the acute exposure period? The hypothesis posits that structural barriers inherent to frontier healthcare suppress immediate claims demand, resulting in a predictable lagged effect.

methodsDaily respiratory claims data were analyzed across 23 Wyoming counties during the 2012-2024 wildfire seasons. The primary analytical approach employed a negative binomial generalized mixed-effects model with county-level fixed effects to compare the incidence rate of claims during the smoke episode (the exposure period) with that during the subsequent seven-day post-episode period.

resultsThe analysis revealed a statistically significant five-fold increase in respiratory claims (p < 0.001), with predicted mean daily claims rising from approximately 1.6 during smoke episodes to 7.9 in the subsequent seven-day period, with an incidence rate ratio of 5.02. Specifically, the claims rate in the seven days post-episode was higher in the negative binomial model than the rate observed during the actual exposure period. This finding confirms the existence of a highly predictable, delayed public health phenomenon.

conclusionThe observed surge in claims is interpreted as the release of suppressed demand, driven by the intersection of particulate matter 2.5's biological latency and the overwhelming structural barriers (e.g., urgent access, lack of transportation) faced by Medicaid recipients. This research supports consideration of a paradigm shift from acute crisis response to a lag-adjusted preparedness model, requiring public health systems to implement targeted post-occurrence outreach and proactive structural interventions to mitigate this preventable surge in post-event healthcare utilization.

Indexed as

environmental exposureslagged effectmedicaid claimspublic healthrespiratory morbiditystructural barrierswildfire smoke exposure

Identifiers

PMID41798528
PMCPMC12962619

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.