Evidence mapPaperPMID 41798920Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Development and validation of a potency assay matrix for optimized and consistent manufacture of clinical mesenchymal stem/stromal cells.

Patrick Niekamp, Dongsheng Gu, Jie Jiang, Erik J Woods, Brian H Johnstone

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Patrick NiekampOssium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Dongsheng GuOssium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Jie JiangOssium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Erik J WoodsOssium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Brian H JohnstoneOssium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being evaluated as cell-based therapies for inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders. However, variability in clinical efficacy and a lack of validated potency assays have impeded regulatory approval for commercialization. Here, we report on our success with developing a matrix of potency assays for evaluating the therapeutic fitness of bone marrow-derived MSCs and demonstrate that the cells consistently suppress T cell proliferation, induce regulatory T cell differentiation, and polarize monocytes into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Methods: Vertebrae were recovered from consented and screened organ donors by Organ Procurement Organizations and shipped on ice to a central processing facility for isolation of vertebral body bone marrow. MSCs were cultured in a xenogeneic-free medium and characterized based on established markers and expanded for 4 passages. Modulation of immune cells isolated from peripheral blood was evaluated using T cell suppression assays, macrophage polarization, regulatory T cell (Treg) induction and monocyte/macrophage chemoattraction assays. Results: Mechanistic studies revealed that potency is mediated by MSC-secreted immunoregulatory molecules, including macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), and the chemokine CCL2, as well as by tryptophan depletion via the cytoplasmic protein indoleamine 3,4 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1). Additionally, we show that MSCs secrete high levels of extracellular vesicles which potently induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype in T cells and monocytes. These findings were employed to develop a matrix of surrogate potency assays which consistently demonstrated predicted Discussion: This potency assay platform provides a critical tool for ensuring the quality and consistency of MSC products and will facilitate clinical translation by demonstrating comparability between MSC donors as well as manufactured lots and potentially predicting therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials.

Indexed as

Mesenchymal Stem CellsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationCells, CulturedHumansIndoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-DioxygenaseMacrophagesMonocytesT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryIndoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenaseconditioned media (CM)extracellular vesicles (EVs)IDO - indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenaseM2-macrophagesmacrophage polarizationmesenchymal stem cellpotency assay/release criteriaregulatory T (Treg) cells

Identifiers

PMID41798920
PMCPMC12960169

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.