ArticleOpen life sciences2026
Vitamin D alleviates type 2 diabetes by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation via the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
Article in Open life sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
We investigated whether vitamin D (VD) alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by modulating autophagy and inflammation. In wild-type diabetic mice, VD supplementation significantly improved glucose tolerance, reduced fasting blood glucose, and the HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) index (P < 0.05). Serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and tissue reactive oxygen species were markedly elevated in T2DM mice but significantly decreased after VD treatment (P < 0.05). Histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed that VD preserved pancreatic and kidney tissue integrity and increased autophagic structures. Consistently, VD upregulated Beclin-1 and LC3-II while downregulating IL-1β and NF-κB p65 expression in these tissues (P < 0.05). In contrast, these beneficial effects of VD were largely absent in NLRP3-knockout T2DM mice. Collectively, vitamin D exerts therapeutic effects in T2DM by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation, primarily through the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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