ArticleJournal of cardiovascular translational research2026
Impact of E-Cigarette Use on Circadian Proteins and Cardiovascular Risk Markers.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
The increasing popularity of E-cigarettes among young adults has raised concerns about their health effects, particularly on the circadian system, which regulates critical physiological processes. This study examined how vaping influences circadian proteins and inflammatory markers, comparing these effects to those in cardiovascular disease patients. Blood samples from 254 participants, non-vaping controls (n = 90), regular vapers (n = 86), and cardiovascular patients (n = 78), were analyzed for circadian proteins (Melatonin, BMAL1, PER1, PER2, CRY1, CRY2) and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers (IFN-γ, MDA). Vaping significantly decreased Melatonin, PER1, PER2, CRY1, and CRY2, while BMAL1 remained unchanged. Elevated IFN-γ and MDA levels indicated increased inflammation and oxidative stress in vapers. Vaping induces circadian disruption patterns similar to cardiovascular disease, suggesting a potential mechanism linking e-cigarette use to increased cardiovascular risk.
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