Evidence mapPaperPMID 41801574Full record

Observational studyEndocrine2026

Long-term body composition changes after bariatric surgery and their association with fat- and bone-derived hormones.

Malgorzata M Brzozowska, Sabina Galiniak, Dana Bliuc, Artur Mazur, John A Eisman, Jerry R Greenfield, Jacqueline R Center

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Malgorzata M Brzozowska, Garvan institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia. Malgorzata.Brzozowska@health.nsw.gov.au.
Sabina GaliniakUniversity of Rzeszow, Faculty of Medicine, Rzeszow, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-3553
Dana Bliuc, Garvan institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9682-2313
Artur MazurUniversity of Rzeszow, Faculty of Medicine, Rzeszow, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-3515
John A Eisman, Garvan institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-7471
Jerry R Greenfield, Garvan institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0866-0973
Jacqueline R Center, Garvan institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-4527

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveBariatric surgery effectively reduces obesity-related comorbidities, however fat mass loss is often accompanied by lean mass reduction. This 36-month prospective study (N=55) examined body composition changes following three bariatric procedures compared with a diet-controlled group (Diet).

methodsRandom intercept mixed-effects models assessed 36-month trajectories of fat and lean mass, comparing surgical groups with Diet, adjusting for age and sex. Associations between body composition changes, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and adiponectin (fat-derived) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC; bone-derived) hormones were evaluated at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.

resultsRoux-en-Y gastric bypass produced the greatest fat mass loss (46.6%), followed by sleeve gastrectomy (30.1%) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (20.5%). Corresponding lean mass losses were 14.2%, 11.7%, and 5.2%. In Diet changes in fat mass (−2.1%) and lean mass (+3.6%) were non-significant. Over 36 months, all surgical groups lost significantly more lean mass than Diet, with the greatest losses after RYGB (15.1%) and LAGB (14.8%). Women experienced 30% greater lean mass loss than men (95% CI: -34%, -26%). Each additional year of age was associated with a 0.2% lean mass decline (95% CI: -0.5%, 0%). After controlling for treatment procedure, age and sex, each twofold increase in adiponectin and ucOC was associated with 5.0% (95% CI: -9.4%, -2.4%) and 3.7% (95% CI: -5.0%, -1.3%) reductions in lean mass, respectively.

conclusionsThese findings underscore the lean mass loss risk after bariatric surgery, particularly in women and older adults, and highlight the importance of long-term monitoring of body composition, nutrition and bone health. CLINICAL

trial registrationThe study was registered as ANZCTR: 12613000188730.

Indexed as

AdiponectinAdipose TissueBariatric SurgeryBody CompositionObesity, MorbidOsteocalcinAbsorptiometry, PhotonAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesWeight LossAdiponectinOsteocalcinAdiponectinBariatric surgeryBody composition changesOsteocalcin

Identifiers

PMID41801574
PMCPMC12971941

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.