ArticleCardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports2026
Trends in the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among ischemic stroke patients.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04322162 (Addressing Sleep Apnea Post-Stroke), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Addressing Sleep Apnea Post-Stroke (ASAP)
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Trials suggest that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-receptor-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) reduce cardiovascular risk in selected populations.
objectivesTo describe facility-level use of SGLT-2i/GLP-1 RAs among patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals and to examine facility determinants of prescribing.
methodsWe performed a retrospective trend analysis across 88 VA facilities (fiscal years 2020–2023). Prescribing was ascertained from VA pharmacy data; the outcome was the proportion of ischemic-stroke admissions receiving an SGLT-2i or GLP-1 RA. Facility-level binomial logistic models evaluated associations with VA hospital complexity (1, high; 2, low complexity), rural-serving, and volume.
resultsAmong 17,093 admissions, facility-level prescribing ranged from 13.2% to 38.3%. Overall use increased from 21.8% (2020) to 30.1% (2023; P < 0.001), driven largely by patients with diabetes (38.9% to 51.5%); rates also increased in overweight patients (27.1% to 34.3%) but remained low in those without diabetes or overweight (3.4% to 7.0%, P = 0.010). Across years, 45.7% of patients with diabetes received therapy versus 7.8% without diabetes. In adjusted analyses, prescribing rates were lower at complexity 1b (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.66–0.96) and 1c (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.58–0.83) versus 2; rural-serving and volume were not associated with prescribing.
conclusionsUse of SGLT-2i/GLP-1 RAs among patients with ischemic stroke increased modestly but remained low in those without diabetes. Substantial between-facility variation—particularly low prescribing rates at complexity class 1b/1c sites—highlights the need for future studies to evaluate barriers in prescribing.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04322162. Registration Date of 04/02/2020.
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