Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41806190›Full record

ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026

Endotypic traits and lung function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea comorbid with obesity hypoventilation syndrome.

Wei-Chun Huang, Liang-Wen Hang, Shinn-Jye Liang, Yu-Chang Chang, Eysteinn Finnsson, Jón S Ágústsson, Scott A Sands, Wan-Ju Cheng

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Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wei-Chun HuangDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Liang-Wen HangDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Shinn-Jye LiangDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Yu-Chang ChangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Eysteinn FinnssonNox Research, Nox Medical ehf, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Jón S ÁgústssonNox Research, Nox Medical ehf, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Scott A SandsDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Wan-Ju ChengDepartment of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. s871065@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4510-7584

Funding

National Science and Technology Council NSTC 113-2314-B-039 -063 -MY3National Science and Technology Council NSTC 114-2628-B-400 -002 -MY3NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL146697, R01HL168067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeObesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) frequently coexists with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is linked to lung function impairment and poor outcomes. However, its underlying pathology remains unclear. This study compares lung function and endotypic traits in obese OSA patients with and without OHS.

methodsWe prospectively collected polysomnographic data from 186 obese patients with OSA who underwent lung function and blood gas tests. Eighteen patients were identified as having OHS, as defined by body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m² with daytime hypercapnia (PaCO₂ ≥ 45 mmHg). Endotypic traits were assessed using polysomnographic signals and compared between patients with and without OHS. Lung function was compared between the two patient groups, and the association with endotypic traits was examined.

resultsCompared to the non-OHS group, the OHS group showed higher Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores, higher loop gain (LG1; 0.66 vs. 0.59), and a lower FEV₁/FVC ratio (80.4% vs. 81.9%). Adjusted linear regression analysis showed that OHS was associated with a lower FEV₁/FVC ratio and a lower FEF₂₅–₇₅, but not associated with specific endotypic traits. Pearson correlation revealed a negative association (r = -0.25, p = 0.002) between loop gain (LGn) and FEV₁/FVC ratio.

conclusionsCompared to patients with simple OSA, those with coexisting OHS exhibited more unstable breathing patterns and reduced lung function. Future studies are needed to explore the biological mechanisms underlying the association between high loop gain and ventilatory impairment.

Indexed as

Obesity Hypoventilation SyndromeRespiratory Function TestsSleep Apnea, ObstructiveAdultBlood Gas AnalysisComorbidityFemaleHumansHypercapniaMaleMiddle AgedPolysomnographyProspective StudiesHypercapniaLoop gainSleep-breathing disorderSpirometry

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.