ArticleNature communications2026
Structural dynamics and immunogenicity of the recombinant and outer membrane vesicle-embedded Meningococcal antigen NadA.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Evaluation of the surface lipoprotein assembly modifier (Slam) as a vaccine candidate against Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles as multifaceted regulators of human diseases and emerging therapeutic platforms.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Recalibrating Protection Factors Using Millisecond Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Structural knowledge of antigens in their native state can drive the design of optimized vaccine antigens that mimic the native epitope exposure and conformation. Here, by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, we assessed the structural features of Neisseria Adhesin A (NadA), a meningococcal trimeric outer membrane protein, included as soluble recombinant antigen in the 4CMenB vaccine. We propose a structural annotation of the recombinant NadA and compare its structural dynamics with NadA in situ, as embedded in meningococcal outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). The observed conformational differences suggest that OMV-embedded NadA could be more susceptible to trimer opening and display a larger antigenic surface than the soluble antigen. Accordingly, mice immunized with OMV-embedded NadA elicited antibodies with superior bactericidal activity compared to the soluble antigen. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that protein vaccine antigens presented in native-like environments can elicit a more potent immune response than recombinant forms.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.