Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41808131›Full record

ArticleRadiation oncology (London, England)2026

Induction immunochemotherapy before definitive chemoradiotherapy versus definitive chemoradiotherapy alone in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter propensity score-matched analysis.

Xin Hou, Yihan Guo, Meng Yan, Yangyang Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Yanglin Sun, Kai Ren, Xue Li, Xin Ding, Lujun Zhao

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Radiation oncology (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xin Hou *Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Yihan Guo *Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Meng Yan *Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Yangyang ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Anhui provincial Cancer Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, West District), Hefei, China.
Zheng ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Yanglin SunDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
Kai RenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Xue LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.
Xin DingDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China. xinding81@163.com.
Lujun ZhaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China. zhaolujun@tjmuch.com.

Funding

Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project TJYXZDXK-3-004B
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction immunochemotherapy before definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). MATERIALS AND

methodsThis multicenter retrospective study included patients with LS-SCLC treated with definitive CRT, with or without induction immunochemotherapy from January 2021 to July 2024. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to control potential confounders. Survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests, and Cox regression was employed for prognostic analysis.

resultsOverall, 372 patients were included: 275 received definitive CRT alone (CRT group) and 97 received induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive CRT (I-CRT group). Before PSM, the median OS was 30.3 months in the CRT group vs. not reached (NR) in the I-CRT group, with a 2-year OS of 59.4% vs. 72.2% (P = 0.006). The median PFS was 12.0 months vs. 22.5 months, with a 2-year PFS of 27.1% vs. 47.5%, respectively (P < 0.001). After 1:1 PSM, the median OS was 24.4 months in the CRT group vs. NR in the I-CRT group, with a 2-year OS of 50.1% vs. 70.4% (P = 0.002). The median PFS was 11.8 months vs. 21.9 months, with a 2-year PFS of 25.4% vs. 45.0%, respectively (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups.

conclusionFor LS-SCLC, the addition of induction immunochemotherapy to definitive CRT significantly improves clinical outcomes without increasing toxicity.

Indexed as

ChemoradiotherapyInduction ChemotherapyLung NeoplasmsSmall Cell Lung CarcinomaAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPrognosisPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesChemoradiotherapyInduction immunochemotherapyLimited-stage small-cell lung cancerPropensity score matchingRadiotherapySurvival

Identifiers

PMID41808131
PMCPMC13088683

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.