ArticleRadiation oncology (London, England)2026
Induction immunochemotherapy before definitive chemoradiotherapy versus definitive chemoradiotherapy alone in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter propensity score-matched analysis.
Article in Radiation oncology (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction immunochemotherapy before definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). MATERIALS AND
methodsThis multicenter retrospective study included patients with LS-SCLC treated with definitive CRT, with or without induction immunochemotherapy from January 2021 to July 2024. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to control potential confounders. Survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests, and Cox regression was employed for prognostic analysis.
resultsOverall, 372 patients were included: 275 received definitive CRT alone (CRT group) and 97 received induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive CRT (I-CRT group). Before PSM, the median OS was 30.3 months in the CRT group vs. not reached (NR) in the I-CRT group, with a 2-year OS of 59.4% vs. 72.2% (P = 0.006). The median PFS was 12.0 months vs. 22.5 months, with a 2-year PFS of 27.1% vs. 47.5%, respectively (P < 0.001). After 1:1 PSM, the median OS was 24.4 months in the CRT group vs. NR in the I-CRT group, with a 2-year OS of 50.1% vs. 70.4% (P = 0.002). The median PFS was 11.8 months vs. 21.9 months, with a 2-year PFS of 25.4% vs. 45.0%, respectively (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups.
conclusionFor LS-SCLC, the addition of induction immunochemotherapy to definitive CRT significantly improves clinical outcomes without increasing toxicity.
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