ArticleBMJ public health2026
Community-based management strategies for adults with multimorbidity: a systematic review of clinical and patient-centred outcomes.
Article in BMJ public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Spanish adaptation and validation of the Capability Cards for use in community primary health care.Primary health care research & development · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of community-based interventions for adults with multimorbidity on clinical and patient-centred outcomes, and to examine contextual factors influencing their impact in primary care and community settings. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data and SinoMed were searched up to May 2025. Grey literature and trial registries were also searched. Eligibility criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies and comparative observational studies involving adults (≥18 years) with multimorbidity, defined as ≥2 chronic conditions including at least one of hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidaemia. Interventions had to be delivered in primary care or community settings and report at least one clinical or patient-centred outcome. Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. Due to heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes, results were synthesised narratively following the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: 25 studies were included, comprising 19 RCTs and 6 quasi-experimental or observational designs. Interventions included nurse-led or multidisciplinary care (n=13), integrated or collaborative care (n=8) and digital health models (n=5). Clinical outcomes such as blood pressure, HbA1c or lipids were assessed in 10 studies, with 7 reporting significant improvements, 6 identifying subgroup-specific benefits and 3 reporting mixed or null effects. Patient-centred outcomes were reported in all studies; quality of life improved in 10 of 13 studies, self-management in 6 of 9 and healthcare use was reduced in 7 of 11. Conclusions: Community-based interventions for multimorbidity consistently improve patient-centred outcomes, while clinical effects are more variable and context-dependent. Tailored implementation for high-risk groups and attention to local delivery models may enhance effectiveness. Further research is needed to support equity-focused, long-term implementation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD420251159790.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.