Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41809194›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026

Safety and effectiveness of diazepam nasal spray in patients with Rett syndrome and seizure clusters:

Daniel Tarquinio, James W Wheless, Eric B Segal, Adrian L Rabinowicz, Enrique Carrazana

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02721069 (A 12-Month Open-Label, Repeat-Dose Safety Study of NRL-1 in Epilepsy Subjects), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02721069 phase3completednot on this map

A 12-Month Open-Label, Repeat-Dose Safety Study of NRL-1 in Epilepsy Subjects (DIAZ.001.05)

TypeinterventionalSponsorNeurelis, Inc.Ran2016 to 2020Enrolled175ConditionsAcute Repetitive Seizures, Breakthrough SeizuresArmsNRL-1
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Daniel TarquinioCenter for Rare Neurological Diseases, Norcross, GA, United States.
James W WhelessLe Bonheur Children's Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.
Eric B SegalHackensack University Medical Center and Northeast Regional Epilepsy Group and Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Hackensack, NJ, United States.
Adrian L RabinowiczNeurelis, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States.
Enrique CarrazanaNeurelis, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with epilepsy that influences motor/communication skills, behavior, and other systems. Clinical experiences for these patients are not well described. Methods: This Results: Rates of TEAEs (87.5%), serious TEAEs (12.5%), and treatment-related TEAEs (18.8%) in patients with Rett syndrome ( Conclusion: Diazepam nasal spray has safety and effectiveness profiles consistent with the full study population and was easy to use. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02721069.

Indexed as

caregiverdevelopmental epileptic encephalopathynatural variabilityquestionnairerescue therapySEIVALseizure clusters

Identifiers

PMID41809194
PMCPMC12970060

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.