Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41809200›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in microbiology2025

Evaluating the effectiveness of digital health interventions for HIV prevention and treatment adherence among transgender populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alex Siu Wing Chan, Rayner Kay Jin Tan, Alston Choong, Kean Chang Phang, Sijia Li, Rongrong Wu, Patrick Ming Kuen Tang, Eleanor J Ong, Jocelyn Cheung, Jakkrapatara Boonruang and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Alex Siu Wing ChanDepartment of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Rayner Kay Jin TanSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Alston ChoongDepartment of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Kean Chang PhangDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sijia LiDepartment of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Rongrong WuDepartment of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Patrick Ming Kuen TangDepartment of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Eleanor J OngSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Jocelyn CheungDepartment of Health and Behavior Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
Jakkrapatara BoonruangInstitute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand.
Phoenix Kit Han MoSchool of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Transgender individuals face a disproportionate burden of HIV due to systemic barriers including stigma, discrimination, and limited access to gender-affirming healthcare. Digital health interventions (DHIs), such as mobile applications, telehealth, and online platforms, offer a promising avenue for delivering accessible, tailored, and potentially less stigmatizing HIV prevention and care services to this marginalized population. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of DHIs in improving HIV-related outcomes among transgender individuals. Specifically, it assessed the impact on HIV testing rates, care engagement, and stigma reduction. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across five electronic databases-PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library-from January 2020 to March 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and observational studies focusing on transgender populations and evaluating DHIs for HIV prevention or care. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for quantitative synthesis, with heterogeneity assessed using Results: A total of 11 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant positive effect of DHIs on HIV prevention and care outcomes, with an overall effect size (θ) of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.61-2.02). Heterogeneity was low ( Conclusion: Digital health interventions are effective tools for enhancing HIV prevention and care engagement among transgender populations. Their success is likely attributable to increased accessibility, reduced stigma, and tailored design. To maximize impact and equity, future DHIs must be intentionally designed to be culturally competent, gender-affirming, and inclusive of the diverse spectrum of transgender identities, with ongoing research needed to evaluate long-term efficacy and scalability across diverse global settings. Systematic review registration: identifier: CRD420251180979.

Indexed as

digital health interventionsHIV care engagementHIV preventionHIV testingPrEP adherencetransgender populations

Identifiers

PMID41809200
PMCPMC12967948

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.