ArticleWorld journal of gastroenterology2026
Distribution and prognostic value of macrophages in colorectal cancer and adjacent mucosa in patient stages I-III
Article in World journal of gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSynchronous and metachronous liver metastases (LM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) drastically worsen the patient's survival. The biological and immunological mechanisms underlying these distinct metastatic trajectories remain incompletely understood. Prognostic impact of macrophages in primary CRC (pCRC) is uncertain, with discrepant findings reported for different macrophage subsets and different stage of the disease. Most of prior studies of tumor-infiltrating macrophages in CRC have focused primarily on the tumor core or invasive margin, whereas less attention has been given to the adjacent nontumor mucosa (NM), which may harbor early immunological alterations that precede or accompany metastatic spread.
aimTo evaluate distribution and prognostic value of macrophages in pCRC and NM in patients at stage I-III
methodsPaired specimens of pCRC and NM were collected retrospectively from: (1) Stage IV (
resultsDensities of macrophages followed the declining pattern from CD163+ through CD206+ and CD68+ to CD80+ in both NM and TC, with significantly smaller densities of all cell types in tumors. Greater densities of CD80+ cells were observed in NM in stage I-III over stage IV patients: 309 (24-1143) cells/mm
conclusionContrary to TC of pCRC, we found favorable prognostic implications of macrophages in NM, driven by distinct subsets of macrophages in stage IV (CD163+ M2) and stage I-III CRC (CD80+ M1).
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