Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41810111›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical and translational hepatology2026

Metabolic Risk Factors and Clinical Presentations of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Using Data from the

Ke-Qin Hu, Seyedeh Neelufar Payrovnaziri, Argyrios Ziogas, Steven Hiek, Kuangda Shan, Tevan Luong, Jenny Fang, Hoda Anton-Culver

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical and translational hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. [Construction norms for the tiered diagnosis and treatment and standardized management center of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026
    Guideline
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ke-Qin HuDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3377-6553
Seyedeh Neelufar PayrovnaziriGenetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Argyrios ZiogasGenetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Steven HiekGenetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Kuangda ShanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Tevan LuongDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Jenny FangGenetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Hoda Anton-CulverGenetic Epidemiology Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 32% of the US adult population. The present study aimed to utilize the All of Us electronic health record-linked large cohort to assess seven metabolic risk factors (MRFs) simultaneously, the impact by ethnicity and age, and clinical presentations of MASLD. Methods: This study included a MASLD group (n = 15,060) and a frequency-matched control group (n = 75,300). Multivariable analyses were performed to compare the frequencies of MRFs and clinical outcomes between the two groups. Type 1 diabetes was not included in the multivariable analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to race and ethnicity, as well as age. Results: The overall frequency of MASLD was 6.0%. Compared with the control group, individuals with MASLD had significantly higher independent frequencies of obesity (66.1% vs. 41.3%), type 2 diabetes (39.5% vs. 16.9%), hypertension (64.3% vs. 38.6%), hyperlipidemia (59.8% vs. 37.3%), obstructive sleep apnea (28.9% vs. 13.4%), and hypothyroidism (21.2% vs. 13.4%). Obesity was identified as the strongest independent MRF among Asians, Whites, and Hispanics, particularly in individuals younger than 50 years, whereas hypertension was the strongest independent MRF in Blacks. MASLD was also associated with significantly higher frequencies of cardiac events, including coronary artery disease (17.1% vs. 9.4%) and myocardial infarction (7.1% vs. 4.2%); hepatic events, including cirrhosis (7.5% vs. 1.1%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (0.5% vs. 0.1%); and elevated liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (27.7% vs. 10.1%), aspartate aminotransferase (18.0% vs. 6.4%), and alkaline phosphatase (19.8% vs. 13.1%), compared with the control group. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and hypothyroidism were independent MRFs for MASLD overall, but the ranking of these MRFs by odds ratios could vary by ethnicity and age. MASLD presents with significantly higher rates of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase elevation, as well as cardiac and hepatic events.

Indexed as

All of Us programHyperlipidemiaHypertensionHypothyroidismMASLDMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseaseMetabolic risk factorMRFObesityObstructive sleep apneaType 1 diabetesType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41810111
PMCPMC12967888

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.