ReviewMaterials horizons2026
Hydrogel-integrated multimodal physiological and modulation systems.
Review in Materials horizons, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programming Hydrogel Release Kinetics to Tissue Healing Phases: From Network Design to Therapeutic Synchronization.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Programmable Hydrogels for Surgical Interface Control: Function-Based Design, DNA-Based Molecular Modules, and Translational Evaluation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Based Sensors: Compositions, Fabrication, Sensing Mechanism, and Applications.Polymers · 2026Review
- Machine-Learning-Enabled Hydrogel Biosensors for Wearable Health Monitoring.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Based Monitoring in Perioperative Anesthesia: A Conceptual Review and Translational Perspective.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hydrogels are emerging as a transformative class of materials for bridging the interface between electronics and biological systems. Their softness, high water content, and tunable ionic/electronic conductivity enable conformal, low-impedance, and biocompatible contact with tissues. This review surveys recent advances in hydrogel-integrated multimodal bioelectronic systems, with an emphasis on the stable signal acquisition, coupled sensing-actuation functions, and stimulus-responsive behaviors that support adaptive interfaces. We compare hydrogels with conventional biointerface materials and highlight key advantages such as stretchability, breathability, ionic conduction, and tissue compatibility. We then discuss representative system-level demonstrations in three domains: closed-loop brain monitoring with ultrasound neuromodulation, gastrointestinal (GI) retention and leakage detection, and cardiac monitoring, pacing, and repair. Finally, we summarize the remaining challenges including long-term stability, scalable manufacturing, and integration with microelectronics and outline opportunities for clinically deployable, autonomous, and personalized hydrogel-based bioelectronic systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.