Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41811530›Full record

ArticleInternational ophthalmology2026

Risk factors for posterior capsule opacification following phacovitrectomy: a six-year retrospective analysis.

Mieszko Lachota, Agata Frajdenberg, Karolina Radl Steiner, Wojciech Hautz, Bjorn Johansson, Marcin Piotr Czajka

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mieszko LachotaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland. m.lachota@ipczd.pl.
Agata FrajdenbergDepartment of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Karolina Radl SteinerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Wojciech HautzDepartment of Ophthalmology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Bjorn JohanssonDepartment of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Marcin Piotr CzajkaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Funding

Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej START
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo study risk factors for Nd:YAG capsulotomy (YAG-CT) due to visually disturbing posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after combined cataract surgery and vitrectomy, phaco-vitrectomy (PhV).

methodsSingle-center retrospective comparative cohort study. We included 196 patients (197 eyes) undergoing PhV. Electronic medical records provided baseline patient data, data on indication for vitrectomy, surgery data including intra-ocular lens (IOL) type, complications, and YAG-CT incidence during 6-year follow-up after PhV. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses assessed associations of various factors with YAG-CT incidence.

resultsFifty-four eyes (27.41%) underwent YAG-CT during the follow-up period. One of the three hydrophilic acrylic IOLs showed the lowest YAG-CT incidence. Adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) for YAG-CT were significantly higher for the hydrophobic acrylic IOL (aOR = 5.85, p < .05), and the two other hydrophilic acrylic IOLs (aOR = 29.0, p < 0.001 and aOR = 79.4, p < 0.001). Compared with PhV for macular hole, PhV for epiretinal membranes (aOR = 9.9, p < 0.01), retinal detachment (aOR = 25.4, p < 0.01), and silicon oil removal (aOR = 22.4, p < 0.05) correlated with higher YAG-CT incidence. Type 2 diabetes correlated with increased YAG-CT incidence (aOR = 6.7, p < 0.01).

conclusionIOL type is a key factor in development of visually disturbing PCO after phacovitrectomy. One hydrophilic acrylic IOL outperformed other examined IOLs in reducing YAG-CT incidence after PhV. Retinal disease, as well as type 2 diabetes, correlated with YAG-CT, and should motivate a choice of an IOL type associated with a low YAG-CT incidence for PhV.

Indexed as

Capsule OpacificationPhacoemulsificationPosterior Capsule of the LensPostoperative ComplicationsVisual AcuityVitrectomyAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceLenses, IntraocularMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCataractIOLPhacovitrectomyPosterior capsule opacification

Identifiers

PMID41811530
PMCPMC12979282

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.