Evidence mapPaperPMID 41814059Full record

ReviewNPJ precision oncology2026

Artificial intelligence-assisted spatial omics-based biomimetic nanoplatform for intelligent and precise intervention in the immunosuppressive core region of ovarian cancer.

JinKe Li, Weilin Liu, Yu Mu, Xiaoxue Wang, Hefeng Zhang, Kexin Tang, Dandan Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in NPJ precision oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

JinKe Li *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Weilin Liu *Department of Health Management, The Fourth affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Yu MuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Xiaoxue WangDepartment of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Hefeng ZhangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Kexin TangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Dandan ZhangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. zhangdd@sj-hospital.org.

Funding

345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University M0946Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program (Natural Science Foundation - General Project) 2024-MSLH-561Medical Education Research Project of Liaoning Province 2024-N004-03National Natural Science Foundation of China 82503384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ovarian cancer (OC) ranks among the most aggressive malignancies of the female reproductive system. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and pronounced spatial heterogeneity significantly restrict the efficacy of immunotherapy. Recent advances in single-cell omics and spatial transcriptomics (ST) have enabled the identification of immunosuppressive core regions within the TME at molecular and spatial levels. These regions often contain "exclusion structures" composed of regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in hypoxia-enriched niches. To achieve precise therapeutic modulation of these core microregions, researchers have developed biomimetic nanodrug platforms such as cell membrane-coated systems and exosome-based carriers. These platforms deliver immunoregulatory agents targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), with enhanced efficiency and adaptability through multi-responsive mechanisms. The paper provides a comprehensive review of the spatial organization mechanisms, omics-based identification methods, and signaling network pathways that define the immunosuppressive core regions in OC. It also summarizes the design principles and adaptive strategies of biomimetic platforms and introduces an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted closed-loop therapeutic framework encompassing identification, delivery, and feedback to support individualized and precise immunotherapy. Although the approach demonstrates strong potential for multidimensional integration, several challenges remain, including the standardization of spatial atlases, the stability of delivery systems, and cross-platform compatibility, all of which require further technological advancement.

Identifiers

PMID41814059
PMCPMC13111681

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.