Evidence mapPaperPMID 41814290Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2026

Nurturing empathy in new medical professionals through a community-based educational program: a mixed-methods study.

Tzu-Hung Liu, Kai-Yen Chang, Chiu-Feng Wu, Yao-Kuang Wu, You-Chen Chao

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Article in BMC medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Tzu-Hung LiuDepartment of Family Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan. leontzuhungliu@gmail.com.
Kai-Yen ChangDepartment of Nursing, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Chiu-Feng WuDepartment of Nursing, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Yao-Kuang WuSchool of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan.
You-Chen ChaoSchool of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan.

Funding

Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation TCRD-TPE-111-47
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEmpathy is a core component of medical professionalism and is associated with better clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. However, empathy decline has been reported during clinical training. Community-based educational program, informed by service-learning principles, has shown promise in fostering empathy among medical and nursing students, but its impact on newly practicing physicians and nurses remains underexplored.

methodsWe conducted a mixed-methods study at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan. A structured “Newcomer Camp” was implemented for first-year resident physicians and newly hired nurses. The program included didactic role-modeling sessions, a half-day experiential home visit to underserved patients, and guided reflective practice. Empathy was measured quantitatively using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Health Provider version (JSE-HP) before and after the camp. Qualitatively, participants responded to open-ended reflective prompts; their written reflections were analyzed thematically. Statistical analysis compared pre- vs. post-intervention JSE-HP scores (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, α = 0.05). Thematic analysis of reflections was conducted by two independent researchers to elucidate mechanisms of empathy development.

resultsA total of 116 newcomers (20 residents, 96 nurses) participated. After the camp experience, JSE-HP empathy scores increased significantly in both resident physicians (mean ± SD: 115.9 ± 15.2 to 123.0 ± 11.6, p = 0.013) and nurses (113.1 ± 14.3 to 120.5 ± 14.6, p < 0.001). Participants rated the program’s role modeling, experiential learning, and reflection components as highly impactful for their empathy (mean impact scores 6.3, 6.2, and 5.9 out of 7, respectively). Thematic analysis of 116 reflective journals revealed three major themes: Benefiting Society, Cultivating Empathy, and Learning from Service. New clinicians reported heightened awareness of social inequities and personal privilege (perspective-taking), emotional resonance with patients’ suffering (affective empathy), and strengthened altruistic motivation to help others. Role modeling by veteran volunteers inspired selfless attitudes, and hands-on service experiences “put them in patients’ shoes,” fostering both cognitive and affective empathy.

conclusionsA structured community-based program was associated with an immediate increase in self-reported empathy in new medical professionals. Role modeling, direct patient service, and reflection worked synergistically to promote perspective-taking and compassionate, altruistic attitudes. These findings support incorporating well-designed community experiences into early residency and nursing orientation to enhance empathy and sustain compassionate care in clinical practice.

Indexed as

EmpathyAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelFemaleHumansInternship and ResidencyMalePhysician-Patient RelationsTaiwanCommunity-based educationEmpathyMixed-methodsNursesResident physicians

Identifiers

PMID41814290
PMCPMC13094140

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.