Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41814682›Full record

ArticleMediators of inflammation2026

AJUBA: The Master Regulator Bridging EMT and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer.

Wenhui Shen, Minghui Cui, Xiaoqian Liao, Yuhan Xiong, Biji Zou, Xiaojun Zhang, Cuijie Shao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wenhui ShenDepartment of Head Neck and Thyroid, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China, zzu.edu.cn.
Minghui CuiShandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China, sdfmu.edu.cn.
Xiaoqian LiaoClinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China, zssy.com.cn.
Yuhan XiongBASIS Bilingual School Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
Biji ZouClinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China, zssy.com.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7111-4683
Xiaojun ZhangDepartment of Head Neck and Thyroid, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China, zzu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-8147
Cuijie ShaoDepartment of Medical Research Centor, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China, bzmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-0385

Funding

Binzhou Medical University BY2015KJ01Joint Construction Project of Medical Science and Technology in Henan Province LHGJ20240102National Key Clinical Discipline Construction Project, the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project 242102311206Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2017MH125Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Plan 2019-0515
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a critical process that facilitates metastatic dissemination and immune evasion in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the molecular factors that connect EMT to modifications in the immune microenvironment remain poorly elucidated. In this investigation, we identify AJUBA as an essential regulator that mediates the association between EMT and immune modulation in CRC.

methodsBy integrating multi-cohort transcriptomic datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-CRC, GSE18105, GSE22598, GSE89076, and GSE110224) with single-cell RNA-seq data (GSE132465), we applied machine learning and deep learning methodologies to comprehensively identify EMT-associated genes demonstrating prognostic significance. AJUBA validation was performed at mRNA and protein levels in a cohort of 90 CRC patient samples using quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical (IHC) approaches. Functional analyses involved siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments, coupled with evaluations of cell proliferation (CCK-8 assay), migration and invasion (transwell assay), clonogenic capacity (colony formation assay), and in vivo tumor growth in xenograft models. Immune infiltration was assessed via ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms, and spatial transcriptomics data (GSE225857) were used to delineate AJUBA expression within tumor microdomains.

resultsAcross multiple CRC cohorts, AJUBA exhibited marked upregulation and showed distinct enrichment in epithelial cells with activated EMT characteristics. Spatial transcriptomic profiling demonstrated AJUBA colocalization with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within immune-excluded niches. Enhanced AJUBA expression exhibited a positive correlation with heightened infiltration of M2 macrophages and activation of VEGF/NOTCH signaling cascades. In vivo, AJUBA knockdown led to suppressed tumor growth, reduced Ki-67 proliferation indices, and diminished M2 macrophage abundance. Clinically, elevated AJUBA expression correlated with advanced nodal metastasis and served as an independent predictor of poor overall survival (OS; HR = 4.809, 95% CI: 2.385-9.695, p < 0.001).

conclusionsAJUBA functions as a key regulator that links EMT to immune modulation, promoting macrophage polarization and facilitating immune evasion in CRC. Through its coupling of EMT activation with proangiogenic signaling, AJUBA represents both a prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for alleviating immune exclusion in metastatic CRC.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionLIM Domain ProteinsAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMiceTumor MicroenvironmentAJUBA protein, humanLIM Domain ProteinsAJUBAcolorectal canceroverexpressionsingle-cellspatial transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID41814682
PMCPMC13140425

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.