ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage open2026
The common and specific osteoarthritis gait characteristics: A quantitative grading system for OA associated gait changes in mice.
Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) severity in animal models has been quantified primarily through grading systems reflecting the changes of joint morphology. There is a lack of a uniform grading system to quantify the changes in motion. Here, we develop a quantitative, easy-to-use grading system for OA-associated gait changes in mice. Design: We characterized the mouse gait changes in a surgery induced post-traumatic OA (PTOA) model and aging-associated OA (aging-OA) models using DigiGait. This treadmill system captured running motions for video analysis. We developed and validated the OA Gait grading system with a quantitative formula indicating the extent of OA-related movement changes. Results: We found gait changes in both aging-OA and PTOA mouse models, consistent with OA cartilage degeneration and increasing OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) scores. The female aging-OA and male PTOA mice share common gait alterations including a significant decrease in stride time and stride length and a significant increase in stride frequency. These three gait changes compose the "Common OA Gait" in mice. In addition, aging-OA alters gait symmetry between forelimbs and hindlimbs while PTOA alters ataxia coefficient between left and right limbs. These "Specific OA Gait" may indicate the involvement of aging and/or injury in OA pathogenesis. Conclusions: The OA Gait grading system correlated with OA pathogenesis. In some instances of aging-OA, it preceded the histopathological changes indicated by the OARSI grading system. Thus, the OA Gait grading system may be widely used for detecting alteration of functional movement outcomes in a sensitive, quantitative, and mechanistic manner.
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