ReviewJournal of multidisciplinary healthcare2026
Environmental Determinants of Surgical Site Infections in Abdominal Surgeries: A Scoping Review of Evidence from East Africa.
Review in Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality, particularly following abdominal surgeries. Environmental factors are key contributors, yet evidence from East Africa remains fragmented. This scoping review mapped available evidence on environmental determinants of SSIs in abdominal surgeries across East African healthcare settings to inform context-specific interventions. Methods: Following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and African Journals Online identified studies published between 2014 and 2024. Eligible studies included quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research addressing environmental factors associated with SSIs in abdominal surgeries. Data were thematically analyzed, with findings from Rwanda compared to Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, and Burundi. Results: Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria (nine cross-sectional, six cohort, one chart review, one quality improvement, one mixed-method, and one surveillance study). Few studies directly examined temperature, ventilation, and humidity, though their influence was indirectly recognized. Poorly implemented cleaning protocols, absence of standardized infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines, and inadequate IPC training were major contributors to high SSI rates. Rwanda showed weaker SSI surveillance compared to Kenya and Uganda. Klebsiella spp. Conclusion: Environmental factors substantially influence SSI burden in East Africa. Strengthening IPC training, environmental controls, and surveillance, alongside developing affordable, context-specific interventions, is vital to reduce SSIs and improve surgical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.