Evidence mapPaperPMID 41816213Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2026

Optimal exercise parameters of Baduanjin for improving glycemic and lipid control in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shiying Zhang, Shun Fan, Hongyi Wang, Limeng Li, Kaihan Su, Lianjun Yin, Huanan Li, Jingui Wang, Xiaoyu Wang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shiying Zhang *Department of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Shun Fan *Department of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Hongyi WangDepartment of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Limeng LiDepartment of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Kaihan SuDepartment of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Lianjun YinDepartment of Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Huanan LiDepartment of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Jingui WangDepartment of Tuina, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Xiaoyu WangDepartment of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: This meta-analysis explores the optimal exercise parameters of Baduanjin for improving glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: This meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eight databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from their inception to April 30, 2025. Studies quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2 (RoB 2). Meta-analysis was performed using R software (version 4.4.2), primarily utilizing the meta and metafor packages. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023480517. Results: This meta-analysis included 48 studies involving 3,699 participants. The findings demonstrate that Baduanjin significantly reduces fasting blood glucose (WMD = -0.78, 95% CI: -0.94 to -0.62, P < 0.0001, I Conclusion: Baduanjin significantly improves glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM. Our findings suggest that three sessions per week, each lasting 40-45 minutes, with an intervention duration of 24-48 weeks, may represent the optimal parameters for metabolic improvement. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier Identifier CRD42023480517.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseGlycemic ControlLipid MetabolismLipidsGlycated HemoglobinHumansBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinLipidsBaduanjinexercise parametersglucose metabolismlipid metabolismmeta-analysistype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41816213
PMCPMC12971460

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.