Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Serotype-specific Immunity and Association With Pneumococcal Carriage Following 3+1, 3+0, and 2+1 Schedules of 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01953510 (Evaluation of Different Infant Vaccination Schedules Incorporating Pneumococcal Vaccination), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Evaluation of Different Infant Vaccination Schedules Incorporating Pneumococcal Vaccination
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23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCorrelates of protection for pneumococcal carriage, a precursor for invasive pneumococcal disease, are not well-defined. The relationship between memory B cells (Bmem) with carriage remains unclear. We assessed serotype-specific Bmem, IgG, and opsonophagocytic (OPA) responses following different infant schedules of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10, Synflorix) and their association with pneumococcal carriage.
methodsWe analyzed secondary outcome data from a phase II/III randomized controlled trial in Vietnam (trial registration NCT01953510). Infants received PCV10 in a 3 + 1 (2-3-4-9 months), 3 + 0 (2-3-4 months), or 2 + 1 (2-4-9.5 months) schedule. Serotype-specific Bmem, IgG, and OPA were measured at 10 months (all) and 18 months (Bmem and IgG only). Carriage was assessed from nasopharyngeal swabs at 12-18-24 months with additional carriage episodes identified by seroincidence. Associations between immunological parameters at 10 months and subsequent carriage were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsAt 10 months, Bmem levels were similar across vaccine arms, but IgG and OPA were higher in the 3 + 1/2 + 1 than 3 + 0 arm. At 18 months, Bmem and IgG waned for most serotypes in all vaccine arms. There were minimal associations between the immunological parameters and subsequent carriage. Only IgG was negatively associated with serotype 19A carriage, when defined as carriage and/or seroincidence ≥2-fold (odds ratio: 0.31, 95% CI: .10-.94, P = .038), and carriage and/or seroincidence of any increase (odds ratio: 0.13, 95% CI: .04-.40, P < .001).
conclusionsWe found no substantive evidence linking Bmem, IgG, and OPA with pneumococcal carriage. Larger studies are needed to identify associations between different immunological parameters and carriage.
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