Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41819297›Full record

Trial reportAnnals of epidemiology2026

Initiation of dolutegravir vs efavirenz on 12- and 24-month weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and incident hypertension: A target trial emulation.

Amy Zheng, Matthew P Fox, Ross Greener, Emma M Kileel, Jacob Bor, Willem Df Venter, Pedro T Pisa, Eleanor J Murray, Alana T Brennan, Mhairi Maskew

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Annals of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Amy ZhengDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Matthew P FoxDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Ross GreenerHealth Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Emma M KileelDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Jacob BorDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Willem Df VenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; Wits Ezintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Pedro T PisaDepartment of Public Health Medicine, School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0084, South Africa; Right to Care, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Eleanor J MurrayDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Alana T BrennanDepartment of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States; Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Mhairi MaskewHealth Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. Electronic address: mmaskew@heroza.org.

Funding

Evidence of the burden of diabetes, gaps in the diabetes cascade-of-care and the impact of care and treatment on diabetes outcomes in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in South AfricaK01DK116929 · NIDDK · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI BRENNAN, ALANA TERESA · 2019 to 2023
$866k
Impact of Dolutegravir on Viral Suppression, Retention, and Risk of Non-Communicable Diseases among Persons Living with HIV in South Africa.F31AI179292 · NIAID · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI ZHENG, AMY · 2024 to 2025
$49k
NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI179292NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK116929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUsing the Target Trial Emulation Framework, we evaluated the impact of initiating dolutegravir versus efavirenz on 12- and 24-month weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and incident hypertension among treatment-naïve individuals in Johannesburg, South Africa from 2019 to 2022.

methodsWe used linear models to estimate the mean difference in weight, BMI, BP and a log-binomial model to estimate the causal risk difference of incident hypertension, adjusting for patient characteristics via inverse probability weighting.

resultsAmong 2930 people initiating treatment from 2019 to 2022, 1847 initiated dolutegravir and 1083 initiated efavirenz. At 12-months, mean difference comparing dolutegravir to efavirenz in weight was 2.9 kg (95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.3, 5.5), BMI was 0.8 kg/m

conclusionsDolutegravir was associated with greater increases in weight, systolic BP, and incident hypertension over 24-months, particularly in the first 12-months. Future research is needed to determine whether this reflects a direct effect of dolutegravir or the weight-suppressing effects of efavirenz.

Indexed as

BenzoxazinesCyclopropanesHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingHIV InfectionsHIV Integrase InhibitorsHypertensionOxazinesPiperazinesPyridonesAdultAlkynesBlood PressureBody Mass IndexBody WeightDolutegravirFemaleAlkynesBenzoxazinesCyclopropanesDolutegravirefavirenzHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingHIV Integrase InhibitorsOxazinesPiperazinesPyridonesBlood PressureDolutegravirEfavirenzHypertensionSouth AfricaWeight

Identifiers

PMID41819297
PMCPMC13019632

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.