Evidence mapPaperPMID 41822017Full record

ArticleThe EPMA journal2026

Triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices are instrumental to optimize 3P medical management for postpartum cardiovascular disease.

Dong Lin, Haoxian Tang, Enoch Odame Anto, Yueran Zhou, Shenglan Zhang, Xiulian Deng, Cuihong Tian, Weijie Cao, Zhuoqiao He, Zhisheng Chen and 3 more

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Article in The EPMA journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Dong LinDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Haoxian TangDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Enoch Odame AntoNutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute & School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, 6027 Australia.
Yueran ZhouDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Shenglan ZhangJoint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Xiulian DengDepartment of Community Monitoring, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Cuihong TianDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Weijie CaoNutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute & School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, 6027 Australia.
Zhuoqiao HeDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Zhisheng ChenDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Pengxiang YingDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Yequn ChenDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.
Xuerui TanDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Postpartum cardiovascular disease (CVD) following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) involves multifactorial mechanisms linking metabolic susceptibility to vascular damage. Identifying predictive biomarkers and modifiable risk factors is crucial for early stratification in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). We aimed to investigate the association of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) indices with incident CVD in women with prior HDP and to assess the causal relationship using Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) analysis, with a focus on the implications for PPPM strategies in postpartum management. Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, 1,642 women with prior HDP from the UK Biobank were followed for a median of 14.05 years postpartum. TyG and modified TyG indices were assessed at enrollment. Associations with incident CVD were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline regression, while predictive performance was assessed with Harrell's C-index. BWMR was further used to validate causal relationships. Results: During follow-up, 466 (28.4%) women developed postpartum CVD (mean age 51.05 ± 8.28 years). Elevated baseline TyG indices were associated with an increased risk of CVD. The highest TyG tertile had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.35 for CVD (95% CI, 1.04-1.74; Conclusions: Elevated TyG indices are significantly associated with increased postpartum CVD risk in women with prior HDP, particularly in subgroups without overt clinical risk factors. Integration of observational and genetic evidence supports a causal role of insulin resistance in this multifactorial pathology. TyG indices may serve as promising predictive biomarkers for early risk stratification and potential targets for personalized metabolic interventions, in line with PPPM strategies. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring metabolic trajectories for effective PPPM-guided postpartum CVD prevention and management. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-026-00437-8.

Indexed as

CVD prevention and managementHypertensive disorders of pregnancyInsulin resistanceMendelian randomizationMonitoring metabolic trajectoriesObesity indicatorsParadigm change from reactive to proactive medicinePostpartum cardiovascular diseasePredictive preventive personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM)Triglyceride glucose index

Identifiers

PMID41822017
PMCPMC12976339

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.