Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41824850›Full record

ArticleMedicine2026

Non-HDL to HDL cholesterol ratio as a potential biomarker for osteoporosis: A cross-sectional national population study.

Guo-Xu Zhang, Zhi Qian, Xie Li, Bao-Qing Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Guo-Xu ZhangShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0009-0000-4407-0252
Zhi QianDepartment of Orthopedics, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.
Xie LiShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.
Bao-Qing YuDepartment of Orthopedics, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.

Funding

the Pudong New Area Science and Technology Development Fund Institutions for People's Livelihood Scientific Research Project NO.PKJ2025-Y08
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and osteoporosis (OP) among US women. An analysis was conducted using data from 6149 women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the relationship between NHHR and OP, with adjustments for sociodemographic, clinical, and metabolic covariates. After full adjustment, a significant U-shaped relationship was identified between NHHR and osteoporosis prevalence, with an inflection point at NHHR = 3.371. Below this threshold, each unit increase in NHHR was associated with a 29% reduction in OP risk (odds ratio = 0.71, 95% confidence intervals: 0.60-0.84, P < .001). No significant association was observed above this value. Inverse associations were particularly notable in women aged ≥65 years, non-Hispanic Whites, former smokers, and those with higher education or lower physical activity levels. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio demonstrates a nonlinear, threshold-dependent association with osteoporosis risk, supporting its potential role as a novel biomarker for OP in specific subpopulations. Further prospective studies are warranted to clarify causal mechanisms.

Indexed as

CholesterolCholesterol, HDLOsteoporosisAdultAgedBiomarkersCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited StatesBiomarkersCholesterolCholesterol, HDLbiomarkerbone mineral densitycholesterol ratiolipidNHANESNHHRosteoporosis

Identifiers

PMID41824850
PMCPMC12991572

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.