Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41824869›Full record

ArticleMedicine2026

Postoperative complications after vacuum-assisted excision of benign breast tumors and their associated risk factors.

Yanfang Tan, Qiong Xu, Hao Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yanfang TanDepartment of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang City, China.
Qiong XuGanxi Hospital, Pingxiang City, China.
Hao WuDepartment of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang City, China.ORCID 0009-0002-5480-7005

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the incidence of postoperative complications following vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) of benign breast tumors and identify the associated risk factors, in order to support clinical risk assessment and perioperative management. A retrospective review was conducted of 100 female patients who underwent ultrasound-guided VAE for benign breast lesions at our institution between December 2023 and December 2024. Patients were categorized into a complication group (n = 30) and a non-complication group (n = 70) based on the occurrence of complications within 30 days postoperatively. Clinical and procedural characteristics were compared between the 2 groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors. A predictive model was established and evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve. A nomogram was constructed for individualized risk prediction. The overall 30-day complication rate was 30.00%. The most common complications were hematoma (12.00%), subcutaneous ecchymosis (11.00%), pain (9.00%), skin depression (5.00%), and wound infection (1.00%). Univariable analysis indicated that tumor size, number of lesions, distance from the skin, surgeon experience, and compression time were significantly associated with postoperative complications (P < .05). Multivariable analysis identified tumor size (odds ratio [OR] = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.12-4.00), distance from the skin <5 mm (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.08-6.35), compression time <10 minutes (OR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.18-6.63), and surgeon experience <3 years (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.02-5.73) as independent risk factors. The model demonstrated good discriminative ability (area under the curve = 0.826, 95% CI: 0.732-0.921) and acceptable calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P = .239). The nomogram provided an intuitive visualization for individualized complication-risk prediction. Complications after VAE for benign breast tumors are relatively common, with hematoma, ecchymosis, and pain being the most frequent. Larger tumors, superficial lesions, insufficient postoperative compression, and limited surgeon experience significantly increase the risk of complications. The prediction model and nomogram offer a practical tool for individualized perioperative risk assessment and complication prevention.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsPostoperative ComplicationsAdultAgedFemaleHematomaHumansIncidenceMiddle AgedNomogramsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsROC CurveVacuumbenign breast tumorcomplicationsnomogrampredictive modelrisk factorsvacuum-assisted excision

Identifiers

PMID41824869
PMCPMC12991764

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.