ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2026
Dietary Choline and Betaine Intake and 2-year Changes in Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Analysis.
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48 authors.
Héctor Vázquez-LorenteDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: hector.vazquez@urv.cat.
José María Manzanares-ErrazuDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain.
Nancy BabioDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Miguel Ruiz-CanelaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Dolores CorellaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Javi HernandoCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
José Alfredo MartínezCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Endocrinología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
Ángel M Alonso-GómezCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Julia WärnbergCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga - Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
Jesús VioqueCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Alicante, Spain.
Dora RomagueraCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
José López-MirandaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Ramon EstruchCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Francisco J TinahonesCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Víctor Urbano-FernándezDepartment of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Lluís Serra-MajemCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Naomi Cano-IbáñezCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Institute for Biosanitary Research ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
Josep A TurCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Vicente Martín SánchezPrecision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
Xavier PintóCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat - Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Miguel Delgado-RodríguezPrecision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Pilar Matía-MartínDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
Josep VidalCIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology, Institut d`Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Clotilde VázquezCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.
Emili RosCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Fernando Fernández-ArandaCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Estefanía ToledoCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Liliana Gutiérrez-CarrasquillaDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Reus, Spain.
José V SorlíCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
María Dolores ZomeñoCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Antonio Garcia-RiosCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Alejandro Oncina-CanovasCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Alicante, Spain.
Raquel Cueto-GalánEpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga - Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
María Angeles ZuletCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Lara ProhensHealth Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Rosa CasasCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentaria (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
María Durán-LuqueCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Lucas Tojal-SierraCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Víctor Simón-FrapolliCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Zenaida Vázquez-RuizCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
Rebeca Fernández-CarriónCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Olga CastañerCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Aquiles Lozano Rodriguez-MancheñoCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Alberto AsencioCentro Atención Primaria de Mutxamel, Consellería de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Alicante, Spain.
Ana García-ArellanoCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Servicio de Urgencias, Pamplona, Spain.
Montse FitóCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Lidia DaimielCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Faculty de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
Jordi Salas-SalvadóDepartament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental ANUT-DSM, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jordi.salas@urv.cat.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDietary choline and betaine may protect against cognitive decline.
objectivesTo examine longitudinal associations between dietary choline and betaine intake and 2-y cognitive changes in older adults.
methodsThis prospective cohort study is a secondary analysis nested within the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Participants included 6610 older adults aged 55-75 y with metabolic syndrome. Dietary choline and betaine intake were estimated at baseline, 1, and 2 y using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Cumulative averages were calculated. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and 2 y using 5 composite scores based on 8 neuropsychological tests covering global cognition, general cognition, attention, executive function, and language. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models evaluated associations between energy-adjusted cumulative average intakes and 2-y cognitive changes.
resultsOver a median follow-up of 2 y (interquartile range: 1.95-2.05), each 1 mg/d higher energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary choline intake was associated with slower decline in attention [β = 5.20 × 10
conclusionsHigher dietary choline and betaine intake were associated with modest short-term improvements in cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults. Longer-term studies are warranted. This trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
Indexed as
BetaineCholineCognitionMetabolic SyndromeObesityOverweightAgedDietFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesBetaineCholineageingbetainecholinecognitioncognitive declinecognitive functionolder adults
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