ArticleBMC nephrology2026
Impact of a structured nurse-delivered multi component SGLT2 inhibitor initiation and optimization pathway on kidney function and clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a real-world retrospective study.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe implementation gap between evidence-based SGLT2 inhibitor therapy and real-world practice remains substantial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Protocolized care delivery bundles incorporating frequent follow-up, systematic monitoring and adherence support may bridge this implementation gap.
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of a a structured, nurse-delivered multi component pathway (frequent contact, protocolized monitoring, and adherence reminders) on kidney function progression and clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM and CKD.
methodsThis single-center, retrospective cohort study included 450 patients with T2DM and CKD who initiated SGLT2 inhibitors between February 2024 and February 2025. Patients were categorized into structured nurse-delivered multi component pathway management (n = 225) or conventional care (n = 225) groups. Primary outcomes included annualized eGFR decline rate and composite kidney endpoint (≥ 40% eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or kidney-related death). Propensity score weighting was applied to balance baseline characteristics.
resultsThe structured nurse-delivered multi component group demonstrated a slower annualized eGFR decline compared to conventional care. The composite kidney endpoint occurred less frequently in the structured nurse-delivered multi component group (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.89, P = 0.004). Laboratory follow-up compliance was significantly higher in the structured nurse group (82.3% vs. 64.7%, P < 0.001). Adverse event-related drug discontinuation was lower with structured nurse-delivered multi component group (8.4% vs. 15.2%, P = 0.012).
conclusionA structured SGLT2 inhibitor management bundle delivered through a nurse-coordinated pathway reflecting greater care intensity and standardized follow-up was associated with improved kidney function trajectories and fewer adverse kidney outcomes in routine practice. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: The clinical trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiNHSMU20231015).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.