ArticleStem cell research & therapy2026
Mitochondrial transplant activates Ca
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe dentin-pulp complex (DPC) is composed of the odontoblastic layer and associated stromal components. It serves key functions in immunological homeostasis and tissue regeneration of dental tissues. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have emerged as pivotal cells for DPC regeneration. Current research frontiers primarily focus on developing novel strategies to increase the odontogenic differentiation potential and regenerative efficacy of hDPSCs. This study aims to boost the capacity of hDPSCs to regenerate DPC through mitochondrial transplantation.
methodsMitochondria were isolated from donor hDPSCs and transplanted into recipient hDPSCs (Mito-hDPSCs) in the same passage. Subsequently, cell viability and mitochondrial transplantation efficiency were evaluated via CCK-8, β-galactosidase staining, mitochondrial imaging, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, Mito-hDPSCs' metabolic capacity was assessed by mitochondrial membrane potential assays and cellular oxidative phosphorylation assays. Moreover, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting (WB) were performed to assess Mito-hDPSC's odontogenic differentiation potential. Moreover, a nude mouse model was used to assess how Mito-hDPSCs induce DPC regeneration in vivo. RNA-Seq analysis was conducted to examine the expression of signaling pathways in Mito-hDPSCs. In addition, ALP, ARS, WB, and Ca
resultsThe results revealed that mitochondrial transplantation enhanced the viability of Mito-hDPSCs. Furthermore, an increased mitochondrial transplant rate was observed at a recipient-to-donor cell ratio of 1:3. Moreover, Mito-hDPSCs demonstrated increased odontogenic differentiation and formed more dentin-pulp-like tissue in vivo. Ca
conclusionsMitochondrial transplantation may promote DPC regeneration by regulating the Ca²⁺/TFAP2A signaling axis in Mito-hDPSCs.
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