Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41827485›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2026

Metabolic Myopathies and HyperCKemia in Adulthood: A Clinical Approach to Diagnosis and Management.

Loai A Shakerdi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Loai A ShakerdiSchool of Public Health, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-7625-0482

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHyperCKemia, defined as elevated serum creatine kinase, commonly reflects muscle injury but may also indicate underlying metabolic disease. Metabolic aetiologies, including glycogen storage disorders, fatty acid oxidation defects, mitochondrial cytopathies, and purine metabolism disorders, are clinically important owing to diagnostic complexity, therapeutic implications, and potential reversibility.

objectiveTo summarise current evidence on metabolic causes of hyperCKemia in adults, with emphasis on disorders of carbohydrate, lipid, and purine metabolism and mitochondrial disease.

methodsSemi-systematic narrative review of pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management of metabolic disorders associated with hyperCKemia.

resultsMetabolic myopathies often present with nonspecific or exercise-related symptoms, with creatine kinase levels ranging from mild-to-severe elevations. Conditions such as McArdle disease, carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency, and mitochondrial cytopathies demonstrate characteristic metabolic vulnerabilities leading to episodic or persistent hyperCKemia. Medications, including statins and antiretrovirals, may precipitate symptoms in predisposed individuals. Diagnosis requires a structured, multidisciplinary approach incorporating biochemical testing, genetic analysis, functional studies, and muscle biopsy. Many causes are amenable to targeted therapy, including dietary modification, endocrine correction, and medication withdrawal.

conclusionMetabolic causes of hyperCKemia are under-recognised but clinically significant. Early identification allows targeted treatment and prevention of complications.

Indexed as

creatine kinaseexercise intolerancefatty acid oxidation disordersglycogen storage diseasemitochondrial diseaserhabdomyolysis

Identifiers

PMID41827485
PMCPMC12985978

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.