Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41827874›Full record

ReviewCells2026

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Exocrine Pancreatic Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Severity Stratification, and Therapeutic Targeting.

Vesna Vulovic, Bojan Stojanovic, Ivan Jovanovic, Milica Dimitrijevic Stojanovic, Bojana S Stojanovic, Jasna Gacic, Simona Petricevic, Jelena Kostic, Novica Nikolic, Snezana Lukic and 5 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Vesna VulovicDepartment of Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Bojan StojanovicDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-6115-612X
Ivan JovanovicCenter for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Milica Dimitrijevic StojanovicCenter for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0001-6492-7305
Bojana S StojanovicCenter for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Jasna GacicDepartment of Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Simona PetricevicDepartment of Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Jelena KosticDepartment of Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Novica NikolicDepartment of Surgery with Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Snezana LukicDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Slobodan TodorovicDepartment of Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center Bežanijska Kosa, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Ana SekulicDepartment of Surgery with Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Milena VuleticDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Miladin BoskovicDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Tatjana LazarevicDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like DNA-protein structures released by activated neutrophils. Initially recognized for their antimicrobial roles, NETs are now known to drive sterile inflammation, thrombosis, and tissue remodeling. This review highlights their involvement in key pancreatic diseases, including acute pancreatitis (AP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In AP, early NET formation correlates with disease severity and septic complications, contributing to acinar injury, microvascular thrombosis, ductal obstruction, and organ dysfunction. In PDAC, NETs shape a fibrotic and immune-resistant tumor microenvironment by promoting stromal activation, immune exclusion, metastasis, and hypercoagulability. Tumor- and stroma-derived signals sustain NET formation within this niche. We also discuss NET-related biomarkers for risk assessment and therapy monitoring, and explore therapeutic strategies that target NETs-ranging from their degradation with DNase to their inhibition of upstream pathways such as PAD4, autophagy, and oxidative signaling. Targeting NETs may also reduce their downstream effects on thrombosis and immune suppression. Overall, NETs emerge as critical drivers of pancreatic disease progression and represent promising therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

Extracellular TrapsNeutrophilsPancreas, ExocrinePancreatic DiseasesAnimalsCarcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalHumansPancreatic NeoplasmsPancreatitisacute pancreatitisbiomarkersdesmoplasiaimmunothrombosismetastasisNETosisneutrophil extracellular trapspancreatic ductal adenocarcinomasevere acute pancreatitistherapeutic targeting

Identifiers

PMID41827874
PMCPMC12984859

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.