Evidence mapPaperPMID 41828508Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Alpha and Beta Emitters in Translational Nuclear Medicine: Clinical Advances, Challenges, and Future Direction.

Hanieh Karimi, Thomas H Shaffer, Erik Stauff, Vinay V R Kandula, Heidi H Kecskemethy, Lauren W Averill, Xuyi Yue

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hanieh KarimiDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Thomas H ShafferNemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Erik StauffDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Vinay V R KandulaDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Heidi H KecskemethyDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Lauren W AverillDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Xuyi YueDepartment of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3783-6392

Funding

Delaware INBRE DRPP CoreP20GM103446 · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · 2025 to 2025
$4.7M
Delaware Clinical and Translational Research ACCEL Program (TEVAL Core)U54GM104941 · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · 2025 to 2025
$3.2M
Nemours Foundation NANIBIB NIH HHS EB032025NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB032025NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103446NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM103446NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104941NIGMS NIH HHS U54GM104941
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) has emerged as a transformative modality in oncology, particularly for patients with metastatic or inoperable tumors. By leveraging molecularly targeted carriers conjugated to cytotoxic radionuclides, RPT enables precise delivery of ionizing radiation to tumor sites while minimizing off-target effects. Central to this approach are alpha (α) and beta (β) particle-emitting radionuclides. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of all clinically relevant alpha and beta emitters and incorporates the most recent advances from 2017-2025, offering a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective. Alpha and beta emitters hold significant promises for the future, especially in nuclear medicine, energy, and environmental monitoring. Medically, these emitters are at the forefront of targeted radiotherapy, offering new hope for cancer treatment. Alpha emitters such as Actinium-225 and Radium-223 are gaining attention for their high linear energy transfer, which allows them to effectively kill cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Beta emitters, including Lutetium-177 and Iodine-131, are already widely used for treating thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and prostate cancer. They offer a longer range in tissue penetration than alpha particles, making them suitable for larger or more diffuse tumors. Alpha and beta emitters hold tremendous promise in targeted radiotherapy. However, current research is limited by an incomplete understanding of resistance pathways, insufficient long-term safety and efficacy data, and underdeveloped personalized treatment frameworks. As production technologies improve and safety protocols advance, these emitters will likely play an even more prominent role in both health care and scientific innovation.

Indexed as

Alpha ParticlesBeta ParticlesNeoplasmsNuclear MedicineRadioisotopesRadiopharmaceuticalsTranslational Research, BiomedicalAnimalsHumansRadioisotopesRadiopharmaceuticalsalpha emittersbeta emittersclinical investigationlinear energy transfer (LET)molecular targetingradiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT)radiotheranostics

Identifiers

PMID41828508
PMCPMC12985603

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.